From 1985 to 1988, the Saguling and Cirata hydropower reservoirs in the
highlands of West Java, Indonesia, displaced more than 40,000 families. As
part of a comprehensive resettlement plan, an attempt to resettle 3,000 families
in water-based f loating fish cage aquaculture and land-based aquaculture sup
port was initiated. Although the reservoir cage aquaculture developments
were successful from a fish-production viewpoint, since 1944 cage aquaculture
has not been socially or environmentally sustainable. Fish cage aquaculture in
reservoirs can be an important new means ofpopulation resettlement from hy
dropower dam construction and protein production in tropical developing
countries only with adequate government planning for fisheries; adequate fi
nancial compensation for lost assets; rigid enforcement of institutional regula
tions guaranteeing the long-term benefits of the new lakes for the exclusive use
of the displaced people; enforcement of regulations on cage numbers to prevent
environmental degradation; and adequate government subsidies for aquacul
ture job creation, training, long-term extension support, and active monitoring.
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