This article emphasizes the maintenance of basic production resources and reformation of economic and social structures in the Khorassan province. The region’s natural limitations and inappropriate economic and social structures (i.e., lack of necessary underlying structures, low level of literacy and skills, lack of appropriate patterns of exploitation, lack of economic institutes, and so on) have given rise to the worry that the current trend of exploitation will impose limitations on future generations. To correct the economic and social methods and to reform methods of exploiting the resources in this province, the author discusses suggestions aimed at reconstructing the region’s environmental, economical, and social structures for sustainable development, which would result in optimal use of resources, prevention of waste in both labor force and capital, and finally, a balance between man and environment.