This article deals with the relationship of maintenance systems and
socialization values cross-culturally. A theoretical discussion of the
hypothesis that periodicity in food resource production relates to
socialization for cooperation is presented. Drawing on two separate
random samples from the HRAF Probability Sample Files, the
hypothesis is tested and found to be strongly supported. The findings are discussed in terms of how they appear to answer a question
raised by Margaret Mead some 57 years ago, concerning why some
cultures stress cooperation and others do not.
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