This article addresses issues of career assessment among individuals with psychological dysfunctions. It integrates the author's inter-domain (interest-ability-personality) theory of career assessment (Lowman, 1991) and his theory of work dysfunctions (Lowman, 1993, 1996) for purposes of career assessment and counseling with persons experiencing psychological problems. Hypotheses are generated consistent with the interaction of the two theories. Specifically, certain psychological conditions are predicted to be more commonly associated with particular occupational profiles. Implications for career assessment and counseling practice are suggested.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ackerman, P.L. (1996). A theory of adult intellectual development: Process, personality, interests, and knowledge. Intelligence, 22, 229-259.
2.
Ackerman, P.L., & Heggested, E.D. (1997). Intelligence, personality, and interests: Historical review and a model for adult intellect. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 219-245.
3.
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author .
4.
Andreason, N.C. (1987). Creativity and mental illness: Prevalence rates in writers and their first-degree relatives. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1288-1292.
5.
Apostal, R.A. (1991). College students' career interests and sensing-intuition personality. Journal of College Student Development, 32, 4-7.
6.
Arvey, R.D., McCall, B.P., Bouchard, T.J., & Taubman, P. (1994). Genetic influences on job satisfaction and work value. Personality and Individual Differences, 17, 21-33.
7.
Benesch, K.F. (1996). The displaced farmer: Career counseling concerns . Career Development Quarterly, 35, 7-13.
8.
Betsworth, D.G., Bouchard, T.J., Cooper, C.B., & Grotevant, H.D. (1994). Genetic and environmental influences on vocational interests assessed using adoptive and biological families and twins reared apart and together. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 44, 263-278.
9.
Blustein, D.L. (1987). Integrating career counseling and psychotherapy: A comprehensive treatment strategy. Psychotherapy, 24, 794-799.
10.
Blustein, D.L. (1992). Toward the reinvigoration of the vocational realm of counseling psychology. Counseling Psychologist, 20, 712-723.
11.
Brown, D., & Brooks, L. (1985). Career counseling as a mental health intervention . Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 16, 860-867.
12.
Brown, D., & Brooks, L. (1996). Career choice and development: Applying contemporary theories to practice (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
13.
Carson, D. (1996, August). The integration of interest, ability, and personality variables. In Rodney L. Lowman (Chair), New theories and empirical research on inter-domain (interest-ability-personality) relationships and applications. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada.
14.
Christensen, H. (1994). Age differences in tests of intelligence and memory in high and low ability subjects: A second sample of eminent academics and scientists. Personality and Individual Differences, 16, 919-929.
15.
Dardis, T. (1989). Thirsty muse: Alcohol and the American writer . New York: Ticknor & Fields .
16.
deLisio, G. (1986). Impairment of work and leisure in depressed outpatients: A preliminary communication. Journal of Affective Disorders , 10, 79-84.
17.
Donnay, D.A.C. (1996). Validity, structure, and content of the 1995 Strong Interest Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 275-291.
18.
Evans, S., Cloitre, M., Kocsis, J.H., & Keitner, G.I. (1996). Social-vocational adjustment in unipolar mood disorders: Results of the DSM-IV field trial. Journal of Affective Disorders, 38, 73-80.
19.
Feist, G.J. (1994). Personality and working style predictors of integrative complexity: A study of scientists' thinking about research and teaching. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 474-484.
20.
Goodwin, D.W. (1988). Alcohol and the writer. Kansas City, MO: Andrews & McNeel.
21.
Goodwin, F.K., & Jamison, K. (1990). Manic-depression illness. New York: Oxford University Press.
22.
Hensing, G., Alexanderson, K., Akerlind, L., & Bjurulf, P. (1995). Sick-leave due to minor psychiatric morbidity: Role of sex integration. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 30, 39-43.
23.
Herr, E.L. (1989). Career development and mental health. Journal of Career Development, 16, 5-18.
Holland, J.L. (1985). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational choices and work environments. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
26.
Howard, A., & Bray, D.W. (1988). Managerial lives in transition: Advancing age and changing times. New York: Guilford .
27.
Jamison, K. (1993). Touched with fire: Manic-depressive illness and the artistic temperament. New York: Free Press.
28.
Katon, W., & Roy-Byrne, P.P. (1991). Mixed anxiety and depression . Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 337-345.
29.
Kocsis, J.H., Frances, A.J., Voss, C., & Mason, B.J. (1988). Imipramine and social-vocational adjustment in chronic depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 997-999.
30.
Loughead, T.A., Black, D.R., & DeLucia, J.L. (1989). "Metempsychosis" of career development. Journal of Career Development, 16, 73-76.
31.
Lowman, R.L. (1989). Pre-employment screening for psychopathology: A guide to professional practice. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange.
32.
Lowman, R.L. (1991). The clinical practice of career assessment: Interests, abilities, and personality. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
33.
Lowman, R.L. (1993). Counseling and psychotherapy of work dysfunctions . Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
34.
Lowman, R.L. (1996). Dysfunctional work role behavior. In K. Murphy (Ed.), Individual differences and behavior in organizations (pp. 371-415). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
35.
Lowman, R.L., & Leeman, G.E. (1988). The dimensionality of social intelligence: Social interests, abilities and needs. Journal of Psychology, 122(3), 279-290.
36.
Lowman, R.L., & Ng, Y-M. (1994, August). Ability, interest, and personality characteristics of employed realistic males. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles.
37.
Lowman, R.L., & Palmer, L. (1996, August). An extension and test of Lowman's inter-domain (interest-ability-personality) model. In Rodney L. Lowman (Chair), New theories and empirical research on inter-domain (interest-ability-personality) relationships and applications . Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada.
38.
Lowman, R.L., Williams, R.E., & Leeman, G.E. (1985). The structure and relationship of college women's primary abilities and vocational interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 27, 298-315.
39.
Lucas, M.S. (1992). Problems expressed by career and non-career help seekers: A comparison. Journal of Counseling and Development , 70, 417-420.
40.
Ludwig, A.M. (1992). Creative achievement and psychopathology: Comparison among professions. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 46, 330-356.
41.
Ludwig, A.M. (1994). Mental illness and creative activity in female writers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1650-1656.
42.
Ludwig, A.M. (1995). The price of greatness: Resolving the creativity and madness controversy. New York: Guilford Press.
43.
Myers, I.B., & McCaulley, M.H. (1985). Manual: A guide to the development and use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
44.
Niles, S.G., & Anderson, W.P. (1993). Career development and adjustment: The relation between concerns and stress. Journal of Employment Counseling, 30, 79-87.
45.
Rak, C.F., & O'Dell, F.L. (1994). Career treatment strategy model: A blend of career and traditional counseling approaches. Journal of Career Development , 20, 227-238.
46.
Randahl, G.J. (1991). A typological analysis of the relations between measured vocational interests and abilities. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 38, 333-350.
47.
Reinhold, J.E. (1973). Users and nonusers of college counseling and psychiatric services. Journal of the American College Health Association , 21, 201-208.
48.
Richards, R.L. (1981). Relationships between creativity and psychopathology: An evaluation and interpretation of the evidence. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 103, 261-324.
49.
Rolfhus, E.L., & Ackerman, P.L. (1996). Self-report knowledge: At the crossroads of ability, interest, and personality. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 174-188.
50.
Simonton, D.K. (1988). Scientific genius. A psychology of scienceCambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
51.
Spengler, P.M., Blustein, D.L., & Strohmer, D.C. (1990). Diagnostic and treatment overshadowing of vocational problems by personal problems. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 37, 372-381.
52.
Spokane, A.R. (1989). Are there psychological and mental health consequences of difficult career decisions? Journal of Career Development , 16, 19-23.
53.
Spokane, A.R., & Hawks, B. (1989). Practice and research in career counseling and development. Annual Review of Psychology.
54.
Tipton, R.M. (1976). Attitudes towards women's roles in society and vocational interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 8, 155-165.
55.
Tryon, G.S. (1983). Differentiation between counseled and noncounseled students on the general occupational themes of the Strong Campbell Interest Inventory. Journal of College Student Personnel, 24, 51-54.
56.
Weissman, M.M., Prusoff, B., & Pincus, C. (1975). Symptom patterns in depressed patients and depressed normals. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 160, 15-23.
