Adolescence is a transitional period where a myriad of developmental changes will occur. Counselors working with grieving adolescents need to have a variety of techniques to use. Creative techniques have been found to be viable in coping with the death of a loved one. This article was crafted with the intent of exploring creative practices and strategies as viable treatment options for grieving adolescents.
BalkD. (2011). Adolescent development and bereavement: An introduction. The Prevention Researcher,18(3), 3–9. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ943735
3.
BaggeC. L.LamisD. A.NadorffM.OsmanA. (2014). Relations between hopelessness, depression, and suicidality: Mediation by reasons for living. Journal of Clinical Psychology,70(1), 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22005
4.
BeaumontS. (2013). Art therapy for complicated grief: A focus on meaning-making approaches. Canadian Art Therapy Association Journal,26(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/08322473.2013.11415582
5.
BergL.RostilaM.HjernA. (2016). Parental death during childhood and depression in young adults—a national cohort study. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry,57(9), 1092–1098. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12560.
6.
BergerR. (2007). Building a home in nature: An innovative framework for practice. Journal of Humanistic Psychology,48(2), 264–279. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0022167807306990
7.
BrentD.MelhemN.DonohoeM. B.WalkerM. (2009). The incidence and course of depression in bereaved youth 21 months after the loss of a parent to suicide, accident, or sudden natural death. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(7), 786–794. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uakron.edu:2443/10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08081244
8.
ButlerL. D.WaeldeL. C.HastingsT. A.ChenX. H.SymonsB.MarshallJ.SpiegelD. (2008). Meditation with yoga, group therapy with hypnosis, and psychoeducation for long-term depressed mood: A randomized pilot trial. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64(7), 806–820. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20496
9.
CastleJ.PhillipsW. L. (2003). Grief rituals: Aspects that facilitate adjustment to bereavement. Journal of Loss and Trauma,8(1), 41–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325020305876
10.
CluteM. A.KobayashiR. (2013). Are children's grief camps effective?Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life & Palliative Care,9(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/15524256.2013.758927
11.
CopeS. (2011). Foreword. In EmersonD.HopperE. (Eds.), Overcoming trauma through yoga: reclaiming your body (pp. xiii). North Atlantic Books.
12.
CorrC. A.BalkD. E. (1996). Handbook of adolescent death and bereavement. Springer.
13.
CrenshawD. A. (2007). An interpersonal neurobiological-informed treatment model for childhood traumatic grief. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying,54(4), 319–335. https://doi.org/10.2190%2FB115-5526-0U27-4296
14.
DelespauxE.Ryckebosch-DayezA.HeerenA.ZechE. (2013). Attachment and severity of grief: The mediating role of negative appraisal and inflexible coping. Omega: Journal of Death & Dying, 67(3), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.2190%2FOM.67.3.b
FinnC. A. (2003). Helping students cope with loss: Incorporating art into group counseling. Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 28(2), 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/714860157
19.
FioreJ. (2016). Analysis of lyrics from group songwriting with bereaved children and adolescents. Journal of Music Therapy,53(3), 207–231. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/thw005
20.
GlazerH. R.ClarkM. D.SteinD. S. (2004). The impact of hippotherapy on grieving children. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing,6(3), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1097/00129191-200407000-00013
21.
GidlundJ. M. (2018). Art therapy and other creative modalities used for children/adolescents suffering from grief (Published master’s thesis). The University of Wisconsin.
22.
GoodmanR. F. (2005). Art as a component of grief work with children. In WebbN.B. (Ed.), Helping bereaved children: A handbook for practitioners (2nd ed.) (pp. 297–322). Guilford.
23.
HedtkeL. (2014). Creating stories of hope: A narrative approach to illness, death, and grief. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 35(1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1040
24.
HeineB. (1997). Hippotherapy. A multisystemic approach to the treatment of neuromuscular disorders. Australian Journal of Physiology,43(2), 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60407-5
25.
HenryK. (2008). Hoof to heart: A guide to understanding grief, loss and the healing power of the horse. https:www.researchgate.netpublication241743654
26.
Herberman MashH. B.FullertonC. S.& UrsanoR.J. (2013). Complicated grief and bereavement in young adults following close friend and sibling loss. Depression & Anxiety,30(12), 1202–1210. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22068
27.
HirschsonS.FritzE.KilianD. (2017). The tree of life as a metaphor for grief in AIDS orphaned adolescents, American Journal of Dance Therapy, 40(3), 87–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10465-017-9243-7
28.
IhrmarkC.HansenE. M.EklundJ.StödbergR. (2012). "You are weeping for that which has been your delight": to experience and recover from grief. Omega,64(3), 223–239. https://doi.org/10.2190/OM.64.3c
29.
JoeK. K.MapatanoM. A.ManyongaT.MwadianvitaC. K.ValérienM.StanisW.EspéranceK. (2016). Normal grief and its correlates in lubumbashi, an urban city in the democratic Republic of Congo. Pan African Medical Journal, 24(24), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.11604%2Fpamj.2016.24.24.5533
30.
JohnsonC. M. (2010). African American teen girls grieve the loss of friends to homicide: meaning-making and resilience. Omega,61(2), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.2190/OM.61.2.c
31.
KarnsJ. T. (2002). Scrapbooking during traumatic and transitional events. Journal of Clinical Activities, Assignments and Handouts in Psychotherapy Practice,2(3), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.1300/J182v02n03_05
32.
KingJ.ProutB.StuhlA.NelsonR. (2016). Scrapbooking as an intervention to enhance coping in individuals experiencing grief and loss. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 50(2), 181–185. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2016-V50-I2-7308
33.
KingK. A.VidourekR. A.YockeyR. A.MerianosA. L. (2018). Impact of parenting behaviors on adolescent suicide based on age of adolescent. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 27(12), 4083–4090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1220-3
34.
KohutM. (2011). Making art from memories: Honoring deceased loved ones through a scrapbooking bereavement group. Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 28(3), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2011.599731
35.
LanderD. A.Graham-PoleJ. R. (2009). Love letters to the dead: Resurrecting an epistolary art. Omega,58(4), 313–333. https://doi.org/10.2190/OM.58.4.d
36.
Le CountD. (2000). Working with “difficult” children from the inside out: Loss and bereavement and how the creative arts can help. Pastoral Care in Education, 18(2), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0122.00157
37.
LiemJ. H.CavellE. C.LustigK. (2010). The influence of authoritative parenting during adolescence on depressive symptoms in young adulthood: Examining the mediating roles of self-development and peer support. Journal of Genetic Psychology,171(1), 73–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221320903300379
38.
LinY.LinC. Y.LiY. (2014). Planting hope in loss and grief: Self-care applications of horticultural therapy for grief caregivers in Taiwan. Death Studies,38(9), 603–611. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2013.820231
MaukG. W. (2011). Loss-oriented support for students (LOSS): Companioning the journey from yesterday’s sorrow to tomorrow’s hope. The Clearing House,84(3), 104–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2010.538756
41.
MayT. (2005). Gilles deleuze: an Introduction. Cambridge University Press.
42.
McCarthyP. G.SebaughJ. G. (2011) Therapeutic scrapbooking: A technique to promote positive coping and emotional strength in parents of pediatric oncology patients. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology,29(2), 215–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2010.548443.
43.
McClatcheyI. S.VonkM. E.PalardyG. (2008). Efficacy of a camp-based intervention for childhood traumatic grief. Research on Social Work Practice,19(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731508314276
44.
MeschkeL.PeterC.BartholomaeS. (2012). Developmentally appropriate practice to promote healthy adolescent development: Integrating research and practice. Child & Youth Care Forum, 41(1), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-011-9153-7
45.
MorganJ. P.RobertsJ. E. (2010). Helping bereaved children and adolescents: Strategies and implications for counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 32(3), 206–217. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.32.3.nu2kx6267g81m81w
O’ConnorM.O.NiolettiS. LDristjansonL. J.LohR.WillcockB. (2003). Writing therapy for the bereaved: Evaluation of an intervention. Journal of Palliative Medicine,6(2), p. 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1089/109662103764978443.
48.
PackmanW.KelleyE.RudolphB.LongJ.WallaceJ.HsuM.CarmackB. J.FieldN. (2017). Projective drawings of individuals grieving the loss of a pet. Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association,34(1), 29–37. https://eric.ed.gov/?id = EJ1133957
49.
PattonD. U.MacBethJ.SchoenebeckS.ShearK.McKeownK. (2018). Accommodating grief on twitter: An analysis of expressions of grief among gang involved youth on Twitter using qualitative analysis and natural language processing. Biomedical Informatics Insights, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1178222618763155
50.
PhilpottE. (2013). Moving grief: Exploring dance/movement therapists’ experiences and application with grieving children. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 35(2), 142–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10465-013-9158-X
51.
PrilleltenskyI.NelsonG. (2002). Doing psychology critically: making a difference in diverse settings. Palgrave Macmillan.
SimpkinsS. A.Myers-CoffmanK. (2018). Continuing bonds in the body: Body memory and experiencing the loss of a caregiver during adolescence. American Journal of Dance Therapy, 39(2), 189–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10465-017-9260-6
SmithC.HancockH.Blake-MortimerJ.EckertK. (2007). A randomised comparative trial of yoga and relaxation to reduce stress and anxiety. Complementary Therapies in Medicine,15(2), 77–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2006.05.001
59.
StirlingF. J. (2016). Yoga and loss: An autoethnographical exploration of grief, mind, and body. Illness, Crisis, & Loss, 24(4), 279–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/1054137316659396
60.
StromL.WilsonJ. (2009, March). Horses as healers: Equine facilitated therapy for grieving children. Paper based on a program presented at the American Counseling Association Annual Conference and Exposition, Charlotte, NC.
TamilselmB.MalaV. (2016). Yoga—A boon to the adjustment problems and behavioural disorders of adolescent students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 10(2), 1–8. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1131808.pdf
WebbN. B. (2003). Play and expressive therapies to help bereaved children: Individual, family, and group treatment. Smith College Studies in Social Work,73(3), 405–422. https://doi.org/10.1080/00377310309517694
65.
WebbN. B. (ed.). (2005). Helping bereaved children: A handbook for practitioners (2nd ed.). Guilford.
66.
WeiskittleR. E.GramlingS. E. (2018). The therapeutic effectiveness of using visual art modalities with the bereaved: A systematic review. Psychology Research & Behavior Management, 11, 9–24. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S131993
67.
WigginsM. I.. (2011). Spiritual journaling. In J. D. Aten, M. R. McMinn, & E. L. Worthington (Eds.), Spiritually oriented interventions for counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 303–321). American Psychological Association.
68.
WilliamsK.LentJ. (2008). Scrapbooking as an intervention for grief recovery with children. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health,3(4), 455–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401380802547553
69.
WinnicottD. W. (1971). Playing and reality. Basic Books.
70.
WyattM.LiggettS. (2019). The potential of painting: Unlocking disenfranchised grief for people living with dementia. Illness, Crisis, & Loss, 27(1), 51–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1054137318780577
71.
ZinzowH. M.RheingoldA. A.HawkinsA. O.SaundersB. E.KilpatrickD. G. (2009). Losing a loved one to homicide: Prevalence and mental health correlates in a national sample of young adults. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20377