To date, training programs and the professional literature in family counseling and therapy have focused little attention on the individual and systemic dynamics involved with such conditions and their unique grief reactions. Although once quite rare, both conditions are becoming more commonplace today, meaning that counselors and therapists can expect to be increasingly consulted by individuals, couples, and families grieving such losses. This article provides background medical information and an overview of the psychological and family dynamics of loss associated with both of these conditions and illustrates these various dynamics with case material.
Hales, D. (1982). New hope for problem pregnancies. New York: Harper & Row.
2.
Hey, V., Itzin, C., Saunders, L.,& Speakman, M. A. (1996). Hidden loss: Miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy. London: The Women’s Press.
3.
Lasker, J., & Toedter, L. (2000). Predicting outcomes after pregnancy loss: Results from studies using the Perinatal Grief Scale. Illness, Crisis and Loss, 8(4), 350-372.
4.
Martin, C. (1974). Module care of the pregnant patient. Somerville, NJ: Ortho Education.
5.
Moody, R. (2001). Life after loss. New York: Harper Collins.
6.
Stewart, D. (1993). Psychological aspects of women’s health care. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
7.
Stinson, K., Lasker, J., Lohman, J., & Toedter, L. (1992). Parents’ grief following pregnancy loss: A comparison of mothers and fathers. Family Relations, 41(2), 218-233.
8.
Tays, J., Moore, J., & Walker, J. J. (2000). Ectopic pregnancy. Tool Box, 173, 131-134.
9.
Toedter, L., Lasker, N., & Alhadeff. J. (1988). The Perinatal Grief Scale: Development and initial validation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58, 435-449.
10.
Verny, T. (1981). The secret life of the unborn child. New York: Summit Books.
