We evaluate fiscal behavior in the 103rd and 104th Houses using a newly defined dependent variable which separates roll-call votes by how much each bill costs or saves in federal government expenditures. This allows us to analyze how members view these as fundamentally different expressions of budgetary preferences. Party groups are shown to trade-off and substitute goals across spending and saving over time based upon majority status, leadership goal, and exogenous political pressure. The impact of region interacting with party is diminished, implying that Southern Democrats are not uniquely cross-pressured as a result of realignment.
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