Where's the Party? Congressional Candidate Recruitment and American Party Organizations

Abramowitz, Alan. 1980. "A Comparison of Voting for U.S. Senator and Representative in 1978." American Political Science Review 74: 633-60.

Barone, Michael , and Grant Ujifusa. 1982. The Almanac of American Politics. Washington, DC: Barone.

Born, Richard. 1986. "Strategic Politicians and Unresponsive Voters ." American Political Science Review 80: 599-612.

Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report. 1982: various issues.

Conway, M. Margaret. 1983. "Republican Political Party Nationalization, Campaign Activities, and Their Implications for the Party System." Publius 13: 1-17.

Cotter, Cornelius P. , James L. Gibson , John F. Bibby , and Robert J. Huckshorn . 1984. Party Organization in American Politics. New York: Praeger.

Federal Election Commission. 1983. Computer Index of Campaign Activity.

Gibson, James L. , Cornelius P. Cotter , John F. Bibby , and Robert J. Huckshorn . 1983. "Assessing Party Organizational Strength." American Journal of Political Science 27: 193-222.

_. 1985. "Whither the Local Parties?: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis of the Strength of Party Organizations." American Journal of Political Science 29: 139-60.

Goldenberg, Edie N. , and Michael W. Traugott . 1984. Campaigning for Congress . Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, Inc.

Herrnson, Paul S. 1986. "Do Parties Make a Difference? The Role of Party Organizations in Congressional Elections. "Journal of Politics 48: 589-615.

_. 1988. Party Campaigning in the 1980s. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Hershey, Marjorie Randon. 1984. Running for Office: The Political Education of Campaigners . Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.

Hinckley, Barbara. 1981. Congressional Elections. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.

Huckshorn, Robert J. , and Robert C. Spencer . 1971. The Politics of Defeat. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.

Huckshorn, Robert J. , et al. 1982. "On the Resistance of State Party Organizations to Dealignment: National Parties as Agents of State Party Development." Paper delivered at the Shambaugh Conference on Political Science at Iowa, University of Iowa.

Jacobson, Gary C. 1983. The Politics of Congressional Elections. Boston: Little, Brown.

Jacobson, Gary C. , and Samuel Kernell. 1981. Strategy and Choice in Congressional Elections . New Haven: Yale University Press .

Jacobson, Gary C. , Samuel Kernell , Eric Uslaner , and Margaret Conway . 1986. "Interpreting the 1974 Congressional Election." 80: 591-95.

Kazee, Thomas A. 1980. "The Decision to Run for the U.S. Congress: Challenger Attitudes in the 1970's." Legislative Studies Quarterly 5: 79-100.

_. 1983. "The Deterrent Effect of Incumbency on Recruiting Challengers in U.S. House Elections." Legislative Studies Quarterly 8: 469-80.

Kenworthy, Tom. 1987. "House Talent-Hunters Seek Strong Challengers for a Few Open Seats." Washington Post. November 15: A4.

Kingdon, John. 1981. Congressmen's Voting Decisions. New York: Harper and Row.

Leuthold, David A. 1968. Electioneering in a Democracy: Campaigns for Congress . New York: Wiley.

Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1983. "The Congressional Candidate." Journal of Contemporary Studies 6: 87-105.

Maisel, Louis Sandy. 1981. "Congressional Elections in 1978: The Road to Nomination, the Road to Election." American Politics Quarterly 8: 23-48.

_. 1983. From Obscurity to Oblivion: Congressional Primary Elections in 1978. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press.

Mann, Thomas E. , and Raymond E. Wolfinger . 1980. "Candidates and Parties in Congressional Elections." American Political Science Review 74: 617-32.

Mann, Thomas E. , and Norman J. Ornstein . 1981. "The Republican Surge in Congress." In Austin Ranney , ed., The American Elections of 1980. Washington, DC : American Enterprise Institute.

Ragsdale, Lyn. 1981. "Incumbent Popularity, Challenger Invisibility, and Congressional Voters." Legislative Studies Quarterly 6: 201-18.

_. 1983. "Responsiveness and Legislative Elections." Legislative Studies Quarterly 8: 339-78.

Sabato, Larry. 1983. "Parties, PACs, and Independent Groups." In Thomas E. Mann and Norman Ornstein , eds., The American Election of 1982, pp. 72-110. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.

Salmore, Barbara G. , and Stephen A. Salmore . 1985. Candidates, Parties, and Campaigns. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly.

Seligman, Lester , Michael R. King , Chong Lim Kim , and Roland E. Smith . 1974. Patterns of Recruitment: A State Chooses Its Lawmakers. Chicago: Rand McNally.