Participation in Presidential Primaries

Abramson, P.R. , and J.H. Aldrich. 1982. "The Decline of Electoral Participation in America." American Political Science Review 76: 502-21.

Abramson, P.R. , J.H. Aldrich , and D.W. Rhode. 1986. Change and Continuity in the 1984 Elections . Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Press.

Aldrich, J.H. 1980. Before the Convention: Strategies and Choices in Presidential Nomination Campaigns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Brady, H. 1984. "Knowledge, Strategy, and Momentum in Presidential Primaries." Unpublished manuscript. Berkeley: Graduate School of Public Policy, University of California.

Brody, R.A. 1978. "Political Participation." In Anthony King , ed., The New American Political System. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute.

Brody, R.A. , and B. Grofman. 1982. "Stimulus Differentiation Versus Stimulus Complexity as Factors in Turnout in Two-Candidate and Multicandidate Races ." Political Behavior 4: 83-92.

Brody, R.A. , and B.I. Page. 1973. "Indifference, Alienation and Rational Decisions: The Effects of Candidate Evaluations on Turnout and the Vote." Public Choice 15: 1-17.

Brody, R.A. , and P.M. Sniderman. 1977. "From Life Space to Polling Place: The Relevance of Personal Concerns for Voting Behavior." British Journal of Political Science 7: 337-60.

Calderia, G.A. , and S.C. Patterson. 1982a. "Bringing Home the Votes: Electoral Outcomes in State Legislative Races." Political Behavior 4: 33-68.

Calderia, G.A. , and S.C. Patterson. 1982b. "Contextual Influences on Participation in U.S. State Legislative Elections." Legislative Studies Quarterly 7: 359-81.

Calderia, G.A. , and S.C. Patterson. 1983. "Getting out the Vote: Participation in Gubernatorial Elections." American Political Science Review 77: 675-89.

Campbell, A. 1966. "Surge and Decline: A Study of Electoral Change ." In A. Campbell et al. Elections and the Political Order. New York: Wiley.

Campbell, A. , P.E. Converse , W.E. Miller , and D.E. Stokes. 1960. The American Voter. New York: Wiley.

Cassel, C.A. , and D.B. Hill. 1981. "Explanations of Turnout Decline." American Politics Quarterly 9: 181-95.

Davis, J.W. 1980. Presidential Primaries: Road to the White House. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Downs, A. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper & Row.

Ferejohn, J.A. , and M.P. Fiorina. 1974. "The Paradox of Not Voting: A Decision Theoretic Analysis." American Political Science Review 68: 525-36.

_. " Closeness Only Counts in Horseshoes and Dancing." American Political Science Review 69: 920-28.

_. 1979. "The Decline of Turnout in Presidential Elections." Paper presented at the National Science Foundation Conference on Voter Turnout.

Fuller, W.A. , and G.E. Battese. 1974. "Estimation of Linear Models with Crossed-Error Structure." Journal of Econometrics 29: 67-78.

Hansen, J.M. , and S.J. Rosenstone . 1984. "Context, Mobilization, and Political Participation." Unpublished manuscript. New Haven : Yale University.

Hanushek, E.A. , J.E. Jackson , and J.F. Kain. 1974. "Model Specification, Use of Aggregate Data, and the Ecological Correlation Fallacy." Political Methodology 1: 89-107.

Hill, D.B. , and C.A. Cassel. 1983. "Comment on Abramson and Aldrich." American Political Science Review 77: 1011-12.

Jacobson, G.C. 1980. Money in Congressional Elections. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Jacobson, G.C. , and S. Kernell. 1981. Strategy and Choice in Congressional Elections. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Katosh, J.P. , and M.W. Traugott. 1982. "Costs and Values in the Calculus of Voting." American Journal of Political Science 26: 371-76.

Kenney, P.N. , and T.W. Rice. 1985. "Voter Turnout in Presidential Primaries: A Cross-Sectional Examination." Political Behavior 7: 101-12.

Kmenta, J. 1971. Elements of Econometrics. New York : Macmillan.

Kramer, G.H. 1983. "The Ecological Fallacy Revisited: Aggregate-Versus Individual-Level Findings on Economics and Elections, and Sociotropic Voting ." American Political Science Review 77: 92-111.

Matthews, D.R. 1978. " 'Winnowing': The News Media and the 1976 Presidential Primaries." In J. D. Barber , ed., Race for the Presidency: The Media and the Nominating Process. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Meehl, P.E. 1977. "The Selfish Voter Paradox and the Thrown-Away Vote Argument ." American Political Science Review 71: 11-30.

Moran, J. , and Fenster, M. 1982. "Voter Turnout in Presidential Primaries: A Diachronic Analysis." American Politics Quarterly 10: 453-76.

Morris, W.D. , and O.A. Davis. 1975. "The Sport of Kings: Turnout in Presidential Primaries." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association.

Morris, W.D. , J.W. Sample , and O.A. Davis. 1976. "Structural Determinants of Turnout in Primary Elections." Paper at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association.

Rae, D. 1967. The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Ranney, A. 1977. Participation in American Presidential Nominations, 1976 . Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute.

Riker, W.H. , and P.C. Ordeshook. 1968. "A Theory of the Calculus of Voting ." American Political Science Review 62: 25-42.

Robinson, W.S. 1950. "Ecological Correlations and the Behavior of Individuals ." American Sociological Review 15: 1183-96.

Rosenstone, S.J. , and R.E. Wolfinger. 1978. "The Effect of Registration Laws on Voter Turnout." American Political Science Review 72: 22-45.

Squire, P. , R.E. Wolfinger , and D.P. Glass. 1985. "Residential Mobility and Voter Turnout ." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association.

Tufte, E.R. 1975. "Determinants of the Outcomes of Midterm Elections ." American Political Science Review 69: 812-26.

Verba, S. , and N. Nie. 1972. Participation in America. New York: Harper & Row.

Weisberg, H.F. 1977. "Rational Abstentions Due to Satisfaction: A Revised Look at the Effects of Candidate Evaluations on Turnout." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association .

Wolfinger, R.E. , and S.J. Rosenstone . 1980. Who Votes? New Haven: Yale University Press.

Zeidenstein, H. 1970. "Presidential Primaries — Reflections of 'the People's Choice'?" Journal of Politics 32: 856-74.