The Return of the Incumbents: the Nature of the Incumbency Advantage

Abramowitz, Alan I. 1975. "Name Familiarity, Reputation and the Incumbency Effect in a Congressional Election." Western Political Quarterly 28 (December): 668-84.

Alford, John R. , and John R. Hibbing . 1981. "Increased Incumbency Advantage in the House." Journal of Politics 43 (November): 1042-61.

Bullock, Charles S. 1972. "Freshman Committee Assignments and Re-election in the United States House of Representatives." American Political Science Review 66 (September).

Campbell, James E. 1982. "Cosponsoring Legislation in the U. S. Congress." Legislative Studies Quarterly 7 (April).

Collie, Melissa P. 1981. "Incumbency, Electoral Safety, and Turnover in the House of Representatives, 1952-1976." American Political Science Review 75 (March): 119-31.

Cover, Albert D. 1977 "One Good Term Deserves Another: The Advantage of Political Incumbency in Congressional Elections." American Journal of Political Science 21 (August): 523-41.

Cranor, John D. , and Joseph W. Westphal . 1978. "Congressional District Offices, Federal Programs and Electoral Benefits: Some Observations on the Passing of the Marginal Representative, 1974-76." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association .

Erikson, Robert S. 1971. "The Advantage of Incumbency in Congressional Elections ." Polity 4 (Spring): 395-405.

_. 1972. "Malapportionment, Gerrymandering, and Party Fortunes in Congressional Elections." American Political Science Review 66 (December): 1234-45.

Ferejohn, John A. 1977. "On the Decline of Competition in Congressional Elections ." American Political Science Review 71 (March): 166-76.

Fiorina, Morris P. 1977. "The Case of the Vanishing Marginals: The Bureaucracy Did It." American Political Science Review 71 (March 1977): 177-81.

_. 1981. "Some Problems in Studying the Effects of Resource Allocation in Congressional Elections." American Journal of Political Science 25 (August) 543-67.

Fowler, Linda L. , Scott R. Douglass , and Wesley D. Clark , Jr. 1980. "The Electoral Effects of House Committee Assignments." Journal of Politics 42 (February): 307-19.

Jacobson, Gary C. 1980. Money in Congressional Elections. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Jacobson, Gary C. , and Samuel Kernell. 1981. Strategy and Choice in Congressional Elections. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Johannes, John R. , and John C. McAdams . 1981. "The Congressional Incumbency Effect: Is it Casework, Policy Compatibility, or Something Else? An Examination of the 1978 Election." American Journal of Political Science 25 (August): 512-42.

Kostroski, Warren. 1973. "Party and Incumbency in Postwar Senate Elections. American Political Science Review 67 (December) 1213-34.

Mann, Thomas E. 1978. Unsafe at Any Margin: Interpreting Congressional Elections . Washington D.C.: American Enterprise Institute.

Mann, Thomas E. , and Raymond E. Wolfinger . 1980. "Candidates and Parties in Congressional Elections. American Political Science Review 74 (September): 617-32.

Mayhew, David R. 1974. "Congressional Elections: The Case of the Vanishing Marginals ." Polity 7 (Spring) 295-317.

_. 1974. Congress: The Electoral Connection. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Nelson, Candice J. 1978/1979. "The Effect of Incumbency on Voting in Congressional Elections, 1964-1974." Political Science Quarterly 93 (Winter): 665-78.

Parker, Glenn R. 1980. "The Advantage of Incumbency in House Elections." American Politics Quarterly 8 (October): 449-64.

Parker, Glenn R. 1980a. "Cycles in Congressional District Attention." Journal of Politics 42 (May): 540-48.

Stokes, Donald E. , and Warren E. Miller . 1966. "Party Government and the Salience of Congress." In A. Campbell et al., Elections and the Political Order. New York: Wiley.

Yiannakis, Diana Evans. 1981. "The Grateful Electorate: Casework and Congressional Elections ." American Journal of Political Science 25 (August): 568-80.