The impact of racial context on the political behavior of Anglos has been a focus of social science research for well over half a century. We suggest that a shortcoming of earlier work has been the failure to account for the levels of segregation within a community. Relying on data from the Latino National Political Survey, our findings show that Anglo attitudes toward English-language and immigration policies are significantly related to changes in the size of the Latino population conditional on levels of segregation. We also find that Latinos elicit different reactions from Anglos based on their fluency in English and nativity.
Aberbach, Joel, and Jack Walker.1973. Race in the city. Boston: Little, Brown.
2.
Allport, Gordon.1954. The nature of prejudice. Reading, MA : Addison-Wesley.
3.
Baybeck, Brady.2006. Sorting out the competing effects of racial context. Journal of Politics68:386-96.
4.
Carmines, Edward G., and James A. Stimson .1989. Issue evolution: Race and the transformation of American politics. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
5.
Davidson, Russell, and James G. MacKinnon .1993. Estimation and inferences in econometrics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
6.
de la Garza, Rodolfo, Angelo Falcon, F. Chris Garcia, and John A. Garcia .1998. Latino National Political Survey, 1989-1990 [Computer file]. 3rd ICPSR version. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University, Institute for Social Research [producer], 1992. Ann Arbor, MI: Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1998.
7.
de la Garza, Rodolfo O., F. Chris Garcia, John Garcia, and Angelo Falcon.1992. Latino voices. Boulder, CO: Westview.
8.
Ellison, Christopher, and Daniel Powers.1994. The contact hypothesis and racial attitudes among black Americans. Social Science Quarterly75:385-400.
9.
Forbes, H.D.1997. Ethnic conflict: Commerce, culture, and the contact hypothesis . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
10.
Gay, Claudine.2004. Putting race in context: Identifying the environmental determinants of black racial attitudes. American Political Science Review98 (4): 547-62.
11.
Giles, Micheal W.1977. Percent black and racial hostility: An old assumption reexamined. Social Science Quarterly58:412-17.
12.
Giles, Micheal W., and Melanie A. Buckner .1993. David Duke and black threat: An old hypothesis revisited. The Journal of Politics55:702-13.
13.
Giles, Micheal W., and Kaenan Hertz.1994. Racial threat and partisan identification . American Political Science Review88:317-26.
14.
Glaser, James M.1994. Back to the black belt: Racial environment and white racial attitudes in the South. Journal of Politics56:21-41.
15.
Hero, Rodney E.1998. Faces of inequality. New York: Oxford University Press.
16.
Hood, M.V., and I.L. Morris.1997. Amigo o enemigo? Context, attitudes, and Anglo public opinion toward immigration. Social Science Quarterly78:309-23.
17.
---. 1998. Give us your tired, your poor, . . . but make sure they have a green card: The effects of documented and undocumented migrant context on Anglo opinion towards immigration. Political Behavior20:11-15.
18.
Huckfeldt, Robert, and Carol Kohlfeld.1989. Race and the decline of class in American politics. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
19.
Huddy, Leonie, and David O. Sears .1995. Opposition to bilingual education: Prejudice or the defense of realistic interests?Social Psychology Quarterly58:133-43.
20.
Keech, William R.1969. The impact of Negro voting: The role of the vote in the quest for equality. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
21.
Key, V.O., Jr. [1949] 1984. Southern politics in state and nation. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.
22.
Kinder, Donald R., and Tali Mendelberg .1995. Cracks in American apartheid: The political impact of prejudice among desegregated whites. Journal of Politics57:402-24.
23.
Massey, Douglas S., and Zoltan L. Hajnal .1995. The changing geographic structure of black white segregation in the United States. Social Science Quarterly76:527-41.
24.
Meer, Bernard, and Edward Freedman .1966. The impact of negro neighbors on white homeowners. Social Forces54:900-24.
25.
Mendelberg, Tali.2001. The race card: Campaign strategy, implicit messages, and the norm of equality. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
26.
Oliver, J. Eric, and Tali Mendelberg .2000. Reconsidering the environmental determinants of white racial attitudes. American Journal of Political Science44:574-89.
27.
Oliver, J. Eric, and Janelle Wong.2003. Intergroup prejudice in multi-ethnic settings. American Journal of Political Science47:567-82.
28.
Quillian, Lincoln.1995. Prejudice as a response to perceived group threat: Population composition and anti-immigrant racial prejudice in Europe. American Sociological Review60:586-611.
29.
Raudenbush, Stephen W., and Athony S. Bryk.2002. Hierarchal linear models. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
30.
Schuman, Howard, and Shirley Hatchett .1974. Trends in racial attitudes . Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
31.
Sigelman, Lee, and Susan Welch.1993. The contact hypothesis revisited: Black-white interaction and positive racial attitudes. Social Forces71:781-96.
32.
Sniderman, Paul M., and Edward G. Carmines .1997. Reaching beyond race. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
33.
Snijders, Tom A. B., and Roel J. Bosker .1999. Multilevel analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
34.
Steenbergen, Marco R., and Bradford S. Jones .2002. Modeling multilevel data structures. American Journal of Political Science46:218-37.
35.
Stein, Robert M., Stephanie Shirley Post, and Allison L. Rinden .2000. Reconciling context and contact effects on racial attitudes. Political Research Quarterly53:285-303.
36.
Tatalovich, Raymond.1995. Nativism reborn? The official English language movement and the American states. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press.
37.
Taylor, Marylee.1998. How white attitudes vary with the racial composition of local populations: Numbers count. American Sociological Review63:512-35.
38.
Tolbert, Caroline J., and John A. Grummel .2003. Revisiting the racial threat hypothesis: White voter support for California's proposition 209. State Politics and Policy Quarterly3:183-202.
39.
Tolbert, Caroline J., and Rodney E. Hero.1996. Race/ethnicity and direct democracy: An analysis of California's illegal immigration initiatives. Journal of Politics58:806-18.
40.
Tsukashima, Ronald, and Darrel Montero.1976. The contact hypothesis: Social and economic contact and generational changes in the study of black anti-Semitism. Social Forces55:149-65.
41.
Voss, D. Stephen.1996a. Beyond racial threat: Failure of an old hypothesis in the new South. Journal of Politics58:1156-70.
42.
---. 1996b. Familiarity doesn't breed contempt: A rejoinder to "comment ." Journal of Politics58:1181-83.
43.
---. 2000. Familiarity doesn't breed contempt: The political geography of racial polarization. PhD diss., Harvard University Dept. of Government.
44.
Voss, D. Stephen, and Penny Miller.2001. Following the false trail: The hunt for white backlash in Kentucky's 1996 desegregation vote. State Politics and Policy Quarterly1:62-80.
45.
Welch, Susan, and Lee Sigelman .2000. Getting to know you? Latino-Anglo social contact. Social Science Quarterly81:67-83.
46.
Welch, Susan, Lee Sigelman, Timothy Bledsoe, and Michael Combs.2001. Race & place: Race relations in an American city. New York: Cambridge University Press.
47.
Williams, Allen.1964. Reduction of tension through intergroup contact. Pacific Sociological Review7:81-88.
