Improving Wisely Using Physician Metrics

Jha AK. Time to get serious about pay for performance. JAMA. 2013;309:347-348.

Ayres I Raseman S Shih A. Evidence from Two Large Field Experiments That Peer Comparison Feedback Can Reduce Residential Energy Usage. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research; 2009.

Meeker D Linder JA Fox CR et al Effect of behavioral interventions on inappropriate antibiotic prescribing among primary care practices: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:562-570.

Gunaratne K Cleghorn MC Jackson TD. The surgeon cost report card: a novel cost-performance feedback tool. JAMA Surg. 2016;151:79-80.

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. CMS quality measure development plan: supporting the transition to the merit-based incentive payment system (MIPS) and alternative payment models (APMs). https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/Value-Based-Programs/MACRA-MIPS-and-APMs/Final-MDP.pdf. Published May 2, 2016. Accessed March 22, 2017.

Casalino LP Gans D Weber et al US physician practices spend more than $15.4 billion annually to report quality measures. Health Aff. 2016;35:401-406.

Smith MD Saunders R Stuckhardt L McGinnis JM , eds. Best Care at Lower Cost: The Path to Continuously Learning Healthcare in America. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2013.

Makary MA Daniel M. Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US. BMJ. 2016;353:i2139.

Sirovich BE Woloshin S Schwartz LM. Too little? Too much? Primary care physicians’ views on US health care. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171:1582-1585.