AakerD. A. (1991). Managing brand equity. New York, NY: The Free Press.
2.
AakerD. A., & ShansbyJ. G. (1982). Positioning your product. Business Horizons, 25, 56–62.
3.
AakerJ. L. (1997). Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 34, 347–356.
4.
Agne-TraubC. E., MartinJ. L., & TandyR. (1997). Bowling. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
5.
AraiA., KoY. J., & RossS. (2014). Branding athletes: Exploration and conceptualization of athlete brand image. Sport Management Review, 17, 97–106.
6.
BackmanS. J., & CromptonJ. L. (1991). Differentiating between high, spurious, latent, and low loyalty participants in two leisure activities. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 9(2), 1–17.
7.
BauerH. H., Stokburger-SauerN. E., & ExlerS. (2008). Brand image and fan loyalty in professional team sport: A refined model and empirical assessment. Journal of Sport Management, 22, 205–226.
8.
BhatS., & ReddyS. K. (1998). Symbolic and functional positioning of brands. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 15, 32–43.
9.
BielA. L. (1992). How brand image drives brand equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 32, 6–12.
BoskerG., & Lencek-BoskerB. (2002). Bowled over: A roll down memory lane. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books.
12.
BrunerG. C.II, & PomazalR. J. (1988). Problem recognition: The crucial first stage of the consumer decision process. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 5, 53–63.
FarquharP. H. (1989). Managing brand equity. Marketing Research, 1(3), 24–33.
20.
FazioR. H., & PettyR. E. (2007). Attitudes:Their structure, function, and consequences. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
21.
FerrandA., & PagesM. (1999). Image management in sport organisations: The creation of value. European Journal of Marketing, 33, 387–402.
22.
FishbeinM. E. (1967). Attitudes and the prediction of behavior. In FishbeinM (Ed.), Readings in attitude theory and measurement (pp. 477–492). New York, NY: Wiley & Sons.
23.
FunkD. C., & JamesJ. D. (2006). Consumer loyalty: The meaning of attachment in the development of sport team allegiance. Journal of Sport Management, 20, 189–217.
24.
GhodeswarB. M. (2008). Building brand identity in competitive markets: A conceptual model. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 17, 4–12.
25.
GladdenJ. M., & FunkD. C. (2004). Understanding brand loyalty in professional sport: Examining the link between brand associations and brand loyalty. In RosnerS. R. & ShropshireK. L. (Eds.), The business of sports (pp. 194–198). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
26.
GladdenJ. M., & MilneG. R. (1999). Examining the importance of brand equity in professional sports. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 8, 21–29.
27.
GladdenJ. M., MilneG. R., & SuttonW. A. (1998). A conceptual framework for evaluating brand equity in Division I college athletics. Journal of Sport Management, 12, 1–19.
28.
HagueP., HagueN., & MorganC. A. (2004). Market research in practice. London, UK: Kogan Page Publishing.
29.
HarringtonM. (2015). Practices and meaning of purposive family leisure among working-and middle-class families. Leisure Studies, 34, 471–486.
30.
HeereB., & DicksonG. (2008). Measuring attitudinal loyalty: Separating the terms of affective commitment and attitudinal loyalty. Journal of Sport Management, 22, 227–239.
31.
HoyerW. D., & BrownS. P. (1990). Effects of brand awareness on choice for a common, repeat-purchase product. Journal of Consumer Research, 17, 141–148.
32.
JowdyJ. (2009). Bowling execution. Champagne, IL: Human Kinetics.
33.
KellerK. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57, 1–22.
34.
KellerK. L. (2003). Brand synthesis: The multidimensionality of brand knowledge. Journal of Consumer Research, 29, 595–600.
35.
KellerK. L. (2009). Building strong brands in a modern marketing communications environment. Journal of Marketing Communications, 15, 139–155.
36.
KennedyE., & MarkulaP. (2011). Women and exercise: The body, health and consumerism. New York, NY: Routledge.
37.
KimD., & JangS. (2014). Motivational drivers for status consumption: A study of Generation Y consumers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 38, 39–47.
38.
KimJ., & WansinkB. (2012). How retailers’ recommendation and return policies alter product evaluations. Journal of Retailing, 88, 528–541.
39.
KwonE., & BackK. J. (2009). A content analysis of gaming research: 1994-2008. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 1, 367–378.
40.
LewisA. E. (2013). A recreation to great persons: Bowling in colonial Boston. Northeast Historical Archaeology, 27, 121–133.
41.
MacdonaldE. K., & SharpB. M. (2000). Brand awareness effects on consumer decision making for a common, repeat purchase product: A replication. Journal of Business Research, 48, 5–15.
42.
MacKenzieS. B., & LutzR. J. (1989). An empirical examination of structural antecedents of attitude toward the ad in an advertising pretesting context. Journal of Marketing, 53(2), 48–65.
43.
MahonyD. F., MadrigalR., & HowardD. (2000). Using the psychological commitment to team (PCT) scale to segment sport consumers based on loyalty. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 9, 15–25.
44.
McIntoshP. (2011). Bowling: Entertainment for all ages. English Teaching Forum49(4), 37–45.
OliverR. L. (1999). Whence consumer loyalty?Journal of Marketing, 63, 33–44.
49.
PapadimitriouD., ApostolopoulouA., & DounisT. (2008). Event sponsorship as a value creating strategy for brands. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 17, 212–222.
50.
ParkC. W., JaworskiB. J., & MaclnnisD. J. (1986). Strategic brand concept-image management. Journal of Marketing, 50, 135–145.
51.
ParkC. W., MacInnisD. J., PriesterJ., EisingerichA. B., & IacobucciD. (2010). Brand attachment and brand attitude strength: Conceptual and empirical differentiation of two critical brand equity drivers. Journal of Marketing, 74, 1–17.
52.
PettyR. E., & CacioppoJ. T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 123–205.
53.
PettyR. E., HaugtvedtC. P., & SmithS. M. (1995). Elaboration as a determinant of attitude strength. In PettyR. E. & KrosnickJ. A. (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 93–130). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
54.
PhamM. T. (2013). The seven sins of consumer psychology. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23, 411–423.
55.
PritchardM. P. (2014). Building loyal consumers in sport business. In PritchardM. P. & StinsonJ. L. (Eds.), Leveraging brands in sport business (pp. 123–141). New York, NY: Routledge.
56.
PritchardM. P., & HowardD. R. (1997). The loyal traveler: Examining a typology of service patronage. Journal of Travel Research, 35, 2–10.
57.
PritchardM. P., HowardD. R., & HavitzM. E. (1992). Loyalty measurement: A critical examination and theoretical extension. Leisure Sciences, 14, 155–164.
58.
RiesA., & TroutJ. (2004). Positioning. New York, NY: American Media, Inc.
59.
RobbinsL. (2008). A race like no other: 26.2 miles through the streets of New York. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
60.
RossS. D. (2006). A conceptual framework for understanding spectator-based brand equity. Journal of Sport Management, 20, 22–38.
61.
ShankM. D., & LybergerM. R. (2015). Sports marketing: A strategic perspective (5th ed.). London, UK: Routledge.
62.
ShimpT. A. (1981). Attitude toward the ad as a mediator of consumer brand choice. Journal of Advertising, 10, 9–48.
63.
StoddenD. F., GoodwayJ. D., LangendorferS. J., RobertonM. A., RudisillM. E., GarciaC., & GarciaL. E. (2008). A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: An emergent relationship. Quest, 60, 290–306.
WalshP., ZimmermanM., ClavioG., & WilliamsA. S. (2014). Comparing brand awareness levels of in-game advertising in sport video games featuring visual and verbal communication cues. Communication and Sport, 2, 386–404.
WilliamsM. K., & MascioniM. M. (2014). The out-of-home immersive entertainment frontier: Expanding interactive boundaries in leisure facilities. Aldershot, UK: Gower Publishing, Ltd.
71.
WoodsideA. G. (2010). Brand consumer storytelling theory and research: Introduction to a Psychology & Marketing special issue. Psychology & Marketing, 27, 531–540.