To License or Not to License: That is the Question for Professional Sport Leagues and the NCAA

American Needle, Inc. v. New Orleans Louisiana Saints, 496 F. Supp. 2d 941 (N.D. Ill. 2007).

th American Needle v. National Football League, 538 F.3d 736 (7 Cir. 2008).

American Needle v. National Football League, 2000 U.S. LEXIS 4899 (U.S., June 29, 2009).

Distribution B.C.C. & Marketing, Inc. v. Major League Baseball Advanced

th Media, L.P., 505 F.3d 818 (8 Cir. 2007).

Edelman M. (2008). Why the “single entity” defense can never apply to NFL Clubs: A primer on property-rights theory in professional sports. Fordham Intellectual Property, Media & Entertainment Law Journal, 18, 891–927.

Edelman M. (2009, February 25 and 2008, January 2). Single entity ruling: ‘Needle” in haystack. New York Law Journal, 239, np. Retrieved August 9, 2009, from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1145394

Edmonds E. (2009, August 6). Topps and Major League Baseball to announce exclusive deals staring 2010. Sports Law Blog. Retrieved on August 9, 2009, from http://sports-law.blogspot.com/

Fisher E. (2009, July 27). No licensing deal, no problem for publishers of these video game titles. SportsBusiness Journal. Retrieved August 7, 2009, from http://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/article/63125

Flint J. (2009, June 3). License revenue, like everything else, takes the plunge. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 7, 2009, from http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2009/06/license-revoked-.html

Grady J. (2007). Fantasy stats case tests limits of intellectual property protection in the digital age. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 16(4), 230–232.

Grow N. (2008, Spring). A proper analysis of the National Football League under Section One of the Sherman Act. Texas Review of Entertainment and Sports Law, 9, 281–305.

Harry C. (2009, August 9). Three cases: NCAA and NFL facing the gavel. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved August 10, 2009, from http://www.orlan-dosentinel.com/sports/orl-sportsncaa-asf-09080909aug09,0,7650539.story/

Johnson G. (2008, December 22). Sports licensing in for tough year in 2009. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 7, 2009, from http://latimes-blogs.latimes.com/sports_blog/2008/12/sports-licens-1.html

International Licensing Industry Merchandisers’ Association. (2009). Types of licensing. International Licensing Industry Merchandisers’ Association. Retrieved August 7, 2009, from http://www.licensing.org/education/licensing-types.php

Keller v. Electronic Arts, Inc. and the NCAA.

McCann M. (2009, July 21). NCAA faces unspecified damages, changes in latest anti-trust case. Sports Illustrated. Retrieved August 10, 2009, from http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/writers/michael_mccann/07/21/ncaa/index.html#ixzz0NkvyG1Me/

McKeown J. T. (2009, Spring). 2008 antitrust developments in professional sports: To the single entity and beyond. Marquette Sports Law Review, 19, 363–393.

O'Bannon v. NCAA and Collegiate Licensing Company.

Paolino R. C. (2009, Spring). Upon further review: NFL How Network is violating the Sherman Act. Sports Lawyers Journal, 16, 1–46.

Rodenberg R. M. (2009, June 19). Play calling Keller v. NCAA, Electronic Arts, and CLC. Sports Litigation Alerts. Retrieved August 10, 2009, from http://www.hackneypublications.com/sla/archive/000864.php

Sandomir R. (2009, August 5). Topps get exclusive deal with baseball, landing blow to Upper Deck. The New York Times, p. B16.