Drug Information Analysis Service

Murray JF Garay SM Hopewell PC Mills J Snider GL Stover DE . Pulmonary complications of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: An update. Report of the second National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Workshop. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135: 505–9.

Wofsy CB . Use of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9 (suppl 2):S184–94.

Wachter RM Luce JM Turner J Volberding P Hopewell PC . Intensive care of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Outcome and changing patterns of utilization. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 134: 891–6.

El Sadr W Simberkoff MS . Survival and prognostic factors in severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Am J Med 1984; 76: 501–8.

Kovacs JA Masur H . Are corticosteroids beneficial as adjunctive therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS? Ann Intern Med 1990; 113: 1–3.

Montaner JSG Lawson LM Levitt N Belzberg A Schechter MT Ruedy J . Corticosteroids prevent early deterioration in patients with moderately severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ann Intern Med 1990; 113: 14–20.

Bozzette SA Sattler FR Chiu J Wu AW Gluckstein D Kemper C A controlled trial of early adjunctive treatment with corticosteroids for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1451–7.

Clumeck N Hermans P . Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with AIDS (letter). N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1666–7.

Gagnon S Boota AM Fischl MA Baier H Kirksey OW La Voie L . Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1444–50.

Plebani A Schoeller MC Pietrogrande MC Bardare M Careddu P . Steroids in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV seropositive infants (letter). Eur J Pediatr 1989; 148: 579–80.

The National Institutes of Health-University of California Expert Panel for Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia. Consensus statement on the use of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1500–4.

Amundson DE Murray KM Brodine S Oldfield EC . High-dose corticosteroid therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. South Med J 1989; 82: 711–4, 718.

Tennant F Berman ML . Stepwise detoxification from cocaine, Postgrad Med 1988; 84: 225–35.

Pike RF . Cocaine withdrawal. Postgrad Med 1989; 85: 115–21.

Taylor WA Gold MS . Pharmacologic approaches to the treatment of cocaine dependence. West J Med 1990; 152: 573–7.

Lacombe S Stanislav SW Marken PA . Pharmacologic treatment of cocaine abuse. DICP Ann Pharmacother 1991; 25: 818–23.

Gawin FH Kleber HD Byck R Rounsaville BJ Kosten TR Jatlow PI Desipramine facilitation of initial cocaine abstinence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 117–21.

Tennant FS Tarver AL . Double-blind comparison of desipramine and placebo in withdrawal from cocaine dependence. NIDA Res Monogr 1984; 55: 159–63.

Dackis CA Gold MS . Bromocriptine as treatment of cocaine abuse. Lancet 1985; 1: 1151–2.

Giannini AJ Baumgartel P Di Marzio LR . Bromocriptine therapy in cocaine withdrawal. J Clin Pharmacol 1987; 27: 267–70.

Rosen H Flemenbaum A Slater VL . Clinical trial of carbidopa-L-dopa combination for cocaine abuse (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1986; 143: 1493.

Cronson AJ Flemenbaum A . Antagonism of cocaine highs by lithium. Am J Psychiatry 1978; 135: 856–7.

Tennant FS Sagherian AA . Double-blind comparison of amantadine and bromocriptine for ambulatory withdrawal from cocaine dependence. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147: 109–12.

Wilbur R . A drug to fight cocaine. Science 1986; 7: 42–7.

Chadwick MJ Gregory DL Wendling G . A double-blind amino acids, l-tryptophan and l-tyrosine, and placebo study with cocaine-dependent subjects in an inpatient chemical dependency treatment center. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1990; 16: 275–86.

Giannini AJ Folts DJ Feather JN Sullivan BS . Bromocriptine and amantadine in cocaine detoxification. Psychiatry Res 1989; 29: 11–6.

Morgan C Kosten T Gawin F Kleber H . A pilot trial of amantadine for ambulatory withdrawal for cocaine dependence. NIDA Res Monogr 1988; 81: 81–5.

Gawin FH Morgan C Kosten TR Kleber HD . Double-blind evaluation of the effect of acute amantadine on cocaine craving. Psychopharmacology 1989; 97: 402–3.

Handelsman L Chordia PL Escovar IM Marion IJ Lowinson JH . Amantadine for treatment of cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained patients (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1988; 145: 533.

Weddington WW Brown BS Haertzen CA Hess JM Kolar AF Mahaffey JR . Comparison of amantadine and desipramine combined with psychotherapy for treatment of cocaine dependence. NIDA Res Monogr 1989; 95: 483–4.

Gray ME Titlow LW . B₁₅. Myth or miracle? Phys Sports Med 1982; 10: 107–12.

Cerretelli P Marconi C . L-Camitine supplementation in humans. The effects on physical performance. Int J Sports Med 1990; 11: 1–14.

Herbert V . Pangamic acid. (“Vitamin B₁₅”). Am J Clin Nutr 1979; 32: 1534–40.

Girandola RN Wiswell RA Bulbulian R . Effects of pangamic acid (B₁₅) ingestion on metabolic response to exercise. Biochem Med 1980; 24: 218–22.

Bishop PA Smith JF Young B . Effects of N,N-dimethylglycine on physiological response and performance in trained runners. J Sports Med 1987; 27: 53–6.

Carnitine deficiency (editorial). Lancet 1990; 335: 631–3.

Borum PR Bennet SG . Carnitine as an essential nutrient. J Am Coll Nutr 1986; 5: 177–82.

Dragan AM Vasiliu D Eremia NMD Georgescu E . Studies concerning some acute biological changes after endovenous administration of 1 g l-camitine in elite athletes. Physiologie 1987; 24: 231–4.

Dragan GI Vasiliu A Georgescu E Dumas I . Studies concerning chronic and acute effects of l-camitine on some biological parameters in elite athletes. Physiologie 1987; 24: 23–8.

Soop M Bjorkman O Cederblad G Hagenfeldt L Wahren J . Influence of carnitine supplementation on muscle substrate and carnitine metabolism during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1988; 64: 2394–9.

Greig C Finch KM Jones DA Cooper M Sargeant AJ Forte CA . The effect of oral supplementation with l-carnitine on maximum and submaximum exercise capacity. Eur J Appl Physiol 1987; 56: 457–60.

Lennon DLF Stratman FW Shrago E Nagle FJ Madden M Hanson P Effects of acute moderate-intensity exercise on carnitine metabolism in men and women. J Appl Physiol 1983; 55: 489–95.

Carlin JI Reddan WG Sanjak M Hodach R . Carnitine metabolism during prolonged exercise and recovery in humans. J Appl Physiol 1986; 61: 1275–8.

Dragan GI Wagner W Ploesteanu E . Studies concerning the ergogenic value of protein supply and l-carnitine in elite junior cyclists. Physiologie 1988; 25: 129–32.

Dal Negro R Pomari G Zoccatelli O Turco P . Changes in physical performance of untrained volunteers: Effects of l-camitine. Clin Trials J 1986; 23: 242–8.

Marconi C Sassi G Carpinelli A Cerretelli P . Effects of l-carnitine loading on the aerobic and anaerobic performance of endurance athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 1985; 54: 131–5.

Prevention and treatment of nerve gas poisoning. Med Lett Drugs Ther 1990; 32: 103–5.

Tafuri J Robert J . Organophosphate poisoning. Ann Emerg Med 1987; 16: 193–202.

Harrison LI Smallridge RC Lasseter KC Goldlust MB Shamblen EC Gam VW Comparative absorption of inhaled and intramuscularly administered atropine. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 134: 254–7.

Taylor P . Anticholinesterase agents. In: Goodman AG Rall TW Nies AS Taylor P , eds. Goodman and Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 8th ed. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press, 1990: 131–49.

Finkelstein Y Kushnir A Raikhlin-Eisenkraft B Taitelman U . Antidotal therapy of severe acute organophosphate poisoning: A multi-hospital study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1989; 11: 593–6.

Shockely LW . The use of inhaled nebulized atropine for the treatment of malathion poisoning. Clin Toxicol 1989; 27: 183–92.