The recent surge in the use of cocaine has imposed increased financial burdens on society in terms of cocaine-related crimes, and funding for hospitalization/medical treatment and long-term rehabilitation programs. Unfortunately, healthcare costs secondary to chronic cocaine use are likely to increase in the future as drug research into cocaine abuse and effective treatment programs are severely lacking. This article reviews existing literature on treatment of cocaine abuse and is intended to serve as a practical guide to the general clinician involved in drug management of cocaine abuse. Antidepressant agents and the dopamine agonists are emphasized because most of the studies showing benefit have used these agents. Advantages and disadvantages of various interventions are objectively assessed. Additionally, specific implications for both acute and chronic management of cocaine abuse are given along with discussion and recommendations regarding comorbidity.
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