Absorption of Digoxin from Tablets and Capsules in Subjects with Malabsorption Syndromes

Abstract

The relative steady-state bioavailability of two oral digoxin dosage forms was studied in 17 subjects with malabsorption syndromes. Male subjects received the following treatments in randomized crossover fashion for 14 days: Three 0.125-mg digoxin tablets or three 0.1-mg digoxin capsules once daily. Female subjects received digoxin on the same schedule but at two-thirds the dose. Serum and urine samples were collected and analyzed for digoxin by radioimmunoassay, and treatments were compared by evaluating pharmacokinetic parameters. The mean area under the serum concentration versus time curve for tablets (28.1 h•nmol/L [21.9 h•ng/mL]) was smaller (p < 0.03) than that for capsules (31.1 h•nmol/L [24.3 h•ng/mL]), and the mean maximum serum digoxin concentration for tablets (2.9 nmol/L [2.3 ng/mL]) was lower (p < 0.02) than that for capsules (4.0 nmol/L [3.1 ng/mL]). There was no difference in cumulative urinary excretion of digoxin between the two treatments. In contrast to previous reports, we observed that digoxin from Lanoxin Tablets appears to be well absorbed in subjects with malabsorption. Nevertheless, these subjects absorbed digoxin from capsules better than from tablets, with the greatest differences occurring in subjects without a colon and in those subjects with the lowest serum carotene concentrations.