Application of Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis to Clinical Practice

Gibson R . National health expenditure, 1979. Health Care Financ Rev 1980; 2: 1–36.

Wertheimer Al Bootman JL . The social impact of pharmaceutical innovation. Drug Develop Industrial Pharm 1977; 3: 219–25.

Ray M . Administration direction for clinical practice. Am J Hosp Pharm 1979; 36: 308.

McGhan W Rowland C Bootman JL . Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness: Methodology for evaluating clinical pharmacy service. Am J Hosp Pharm 1978; 35: 133–40.

Bootman JL Rowland C Wertheimer A . Cost-benefit analysis: A research tool for evaluating innovative health programs. Eval Health Professions 1979; 2: 129–54.

Fuchs V . The coming challenge to American physicians. N Engl J Med 1981; 304: 1487–90.

Neuhauser D . Cost-effective clinical decision making and the medical care manager. Hosp Health Serv Admin 1980;(summer): 55–61.

Weinstcin MC Stason B . Foundations and cost/effectiveness analysis for health and medical practitioners. N Engl J Med 1977; 296: 716–21.

Shepard DS Thompson MS . First principles of cost-effectiveness analysis in health. Public Health Rep 1979; 94: 535–44.

ASHP guidelines for implementing and obtaining reimbursement for clinical pharmaceutical services. Am J Hosp Pharm 1981; 38: 386.

Hepler CD . Changing methods for clinical practice management. Pharm Manage 1980; 152: 195–8.

Donobedian A . Promoting quality through evaluating the process of patient care. Med Care 1968; 6: 181.

Sorby DC Kelly KL Elenbaas R , Education of clinical pharmacy programs. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference in Clinical Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, July, 1976: 1156–69.

Bootman JL Wertheimer A Zaske D Rowland C . Individualizing gentamicin dosage regimens on burn patients with gram-negative septicemia: A cost-benefits analysis. J Pharm Sci 1979; 68: 267–72.

McLeod DC . Contribution of clinical pharmacists to patient care. Am J Hosp Pharm 1976; 33: 904–11.

Bootman JL Zaske D Wertheimer Al Rowland C . Individualization of aminoglycoside dosage regimens: A cost analysis. Am J Hosp Pharm 1979; 36: 368.

Kelly KL Covinsky JO Fendler K Bauman JL . The impact of clinical pharmacist activity on intravenous fluid and medication administration. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1980; 14: 516–20.

Elenbaas RM Payne VW Bauman JL . Influence of clinical pharmacist consultations on the use of drug blood level tests. Am J Hosp Pharm 1980; 37: 61–4.

Klotz R Steffens S . Improved pharmacy services through pharmacist participation in medical rounds. Am J Hosp Pharm 1976; 55: 349–51.

Nold EG Pathak DS . Third-party reimbursement for clinical pharmacy services: Philosophy and practice. Am 7 Hosp Pharm 1977; 54: 823–6.

Fudge RP Vlasses PH . Third-party reimbursement for pharmacist instruction about antihemophilic factor. Am J Hosp Pharm 1977; 54: 831–4.

Crystal R Brewster A . Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis in the health field: An introduction. Inquiry 1966; 3: 3–13.

Acton J . Measuring the monetary value of life-saving programs. Law Contemp Prob 1976; 40: 46–72.

Emlet HE Jr . Use of cost-benefit analysis in solutions to national health problems. Presented at the 1968 Joint National Meeting of the Operations Research Society of America, San Francisco, CA, May 1–3, 1968.

Gellman DD . Cost-benefit in health care: We need to know more. Can Med Assoc J 1974; 5: 988–99.

Goldschmidt PG . A cost/effectiveness model for evaluating health care programs: Application to drug abuse treatment. Inquiry 1976; 13: 29–47.

Kissick WL . Cost-benefit studies in health planning in the U.S.A. Health Economics. Copenhagen: 1969: 39–44.

Klarman H . Application of cost/benefit analysis to health ser-vices and the special case of technological innovation. Int J Health Serv Res 1974; 4: 325–52.

Klarman H . Present status of cost-benefit analysis in the health field. Am J Public Health 1967; 57: 1948–58.

Prest AR Turvey R . Cost-benefit analysis: A survey. Econ J 1965; 75: 683–735.

Quade ES . Introduction and overview. In: Goldman TA , ed. Cost/effectiveness analysis. New York: Praeger, 1967: 1.

Rice DP . Measurement and application of illness costs. Public Health Rep 1969; 84: 95–101.

Smith W . Cost/effectiveness and cost/benefit for public health programs. Public Health Rep 1968; 83: 899–906.

Thompson M . Benefit-cost analysis for program evaluation. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1980.

Major DC . Multiobjective water resource planning. Washington, DC: American Biophysical Union, 1977.

Mishan EJ . Cost-benefit analysis. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976.

Strange PV Sumner AT . Predicting treatment costs and life expectancy for end-stage renal disease. N Engl J Med 1978; 295: 372–8.

Cretin S . Cost/benefit analysis of treatment and prevention of myocardial infarction. Health Serv Res 1977; 12: 174–89.

Mattsson W Glynning I Carlsson B Mauritzo SE . Cancer chemotherapy in advanced malignant disease: A cost-benefit analysis. Acta Radiol Oncol 1979; 18: 509–20.

Stason W Weinstein M . Allocation and resources to manage hypertension. N Engl J Med 1977; 296: 732.

Estershan RJ Jr Vogal VG Forner CL Shapiro HM Wier-Nik PH . Cost analysis of leukemia treatment: A problem-oriented approach. Cancer 1976; 57: 646–52.

Bryers F Hawthorne VM . Screening for mild hypertension: Costs and benefits. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1978; 32: 171–4.

Mushkin S d'Accolings F . Economic cost of disease and injury. Public Health Rep 1959; 74: 338–45.

Pigou AC . Socialism versus capitalism. London: Macmillan Press, 1947: 129.

Dublin LI Lotka MJ . The money value of man. New York: Ronald Press, 1946.

Fein R . On measuring economic benefits of health programs. In: Veatch RM Branson R , eds. Ethics and health policy. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing, 1976.

Peters GH . Cost/benefit analysis and public expenditures, papers 8. London: The Institute of Economic Affairs, 1968: 35.

Cohn E . Public expenditure analysis. Lexington, MA: DC Heath, 1972: 76.

Niskanen WA . Measurement of effectiveness. In: Goldman TA , ed. Cost/effectiveness analysis. New York: Praeger, 1967: 18.

Vracin RA . Decision Models for capital investment and financing decisions in hospitals. Health Serv Res 1980; 15: 35–52.

Office of Technology Assessment. Assessing the efficacy and safety of medical technologies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1978(Technology Assessment, United States Congress, Stock No. 052-003-00593-0).

Bunker JP . Surgical innovation and its evaluation. Science 1978; 200: 937.

Williams JS Sanders MS Riddiough MA Bell JC . Cost effectiveness of vaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1980; 505: 553–9.

Eastaugh SR . Teaching the principles of cost-effective clinical decision making to medical students. Inquiry 1981; 18: 28–36.

Office of Technology Assessment. Development of medical technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976 (United States Congress, Stock No. 052-003-00217-5).

Office of Technology Assessment. Market approval for drugs and medical devices. In: The implication of cost-effectiveness analysis of medical technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1980: 85–98(United States Congress, Stock No. 052-0030076507).