Drugs and Breast Feeding—A Review

Sapeika N. : The Excretion of Drugs in Human Milk — A Review, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Emp. 54: 426–431 (Aug.) 1947.

Burn J. H. : Excretion of Drugs in Milk, Br. Med. Bull. 5: 190–192, 1947–1948.

Illingworth R. S. : Abnormal Substances Excreted in Human Milk, Practitioner 171: 533–538 (Nov.) 1953.

Knowles J. A. : Excretion of Drugs in Milk — A Review, J. Pediat. 66: 1068–1082 (June) 1965.

Matranga A. : Drugs Excreted in Breast Milk, Drug Information Service Newsletter, Alta Bates Community Hospital 2: 22–30 (May) 1970.

Takyi B. E. : Excretion of Drugs in Human Milk, J. Hosp. Pharm. 28: 317–326 (Nov.) 1970.

Arena J. M. : Contamination of the Ideal Food, Nutr. Today 5: 2–8 (Winter) 1970.

Shore M. F. : Drugs Can Be Dangerous During Pregnancy and Lactations (sic), Can. Pharm. J. 103: 358–367 (Dec.) 1970.

Catz C. S. Giacoia G. P. : Drugs and Breast Milk, Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. 19: 151–166 (Feb.) 1972.

Knowles J. A. : Drugs in Milk, Pediatr. Currents 21: 28–32, Ross Laboratories (Apr.) 1972.

Knowles J. A. : Breast Milk: A Source of More than Nutrition for the Neonate, Clin. Toxicol. 7: 69–82, 1974.

Anon: Drugs in Breast Milk, Med. Letter 16: 25–27 (Mar. 15) 1974.

O'Brien T. E. : Excretion of Drugs in Human Milk, Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. 31: 844–854 (Sept.) 1974.

Levin R. H. : Teratogenicity and Drug Excretion in Breast Milk (Maternogenicity), in Herfindal E.T. Hirschman J.L. (Eds.) Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1975, pp. 23–44.

Vorherr H. : Drug Excretion in Breast Milk, Postgrad. Med. 56: 97–104 (Oct.) 1974.

Savage R. L. : Drugs and Breast Milk, Adverse Drug React. Bull. Number 61: 212–215 (Dec.) 1976.

Horning M. G. : Identification and Quantification of Drugs and Drug Metabolites in Human Breast Milk Using GC-MS-COM Methods, Mod. Prob. Pediatr. 15: 73–79, S. Karger, Basel, 1975.

Lien E. J. : Diffusion of Drugs into Prostatic Fluid and Milk, Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 8: 470–475 (Aug.) 1974.

AMA Council on Drugs: Penicillin and Other Antibiotics in Milk, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 171: 49–51 (Sept. 5) 1959.

Lohmeyer H. Halfpap E. : Pharmakokinetische Untersuchungen und Klinisch Erfahrungen mit Ampicillin bei der Behandlung von Infektionen des Urogenitaltrakts der Frau, Z. Geburtsh. Gynaekol. 164: 184–202 (Oct.) 1965.

Greene H. J. : Excretion of Penicillin in Human Milk Following Parturition, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 51: 732–733 (May) 1946.

Rozansky R. Brezezinsky A. : The Excretion of Penicillin in Human Milk, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 34: 497–500 (Apr.) 1949.

Anon: Tetracycline in Breast Milk, Br. Med. J. 4: 791 (Dec. 27) 1969.

Guilbeau J. A. : Aureomycin in Obstetrics: Therapy and Prophylaxis, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 143: 520–526 (June 10) 1950.

Von Kobyletzki D. Strauch D : Zur Frage der Diaplazentaren Passage und Ausscheidung mit der Muttermilch von Demethylchlortetracyclin, Z. Geburtsh. Gynäkol. 161: 292–305 (Jan.) 1964.

Morganti G. : Comparative Concentrations of a Tetracycline Antibiotic in Serum and Maternal Milk, Antibiotica 6: 216–223 (Sept.) 1968.

Brogden R. N. : Minocycline: A Review, Drugs 9: 251–291, 1975.

Posner A. C. : Further Observations on the Use of Tetracycline Hydrochloride in Prophylaxis and Treatment of Obstetric Infections, Antibiot. Ann. 1954–1955: 594–598.

Harley J. D. Robin H. : “Late” Neonatal Jaundice Following Maternal Treatment with Sulfamethoxypyridazine, Pediatrics 37: 855–856 (May) 1966.

Sparr R. A. Pritchard J. A. : Maternal and Newborn Distribution of Sulfamethoxypyridazine (Kynex®), Obstet. Gynecol. 12: 131–134 (Aug.) 1958.

Soares R. : Da Concentração e Eliminação da Cloroquina Através da Circulação Placentária e do Leite Materno, de Pacientes sob Regime do Sal Cloroquinado, Rev. Brasil. Malariol. Doen. Trop. 9: 19–27, 1957.

Merland R. Creste M. : Recherche de l'Élimination de la Nivaquine et son Dosage dans le Lait de Femme, Med. Tropicale 11: 793–795 (Sept.-Oct.) 1951.

Clyde D. F. : Transfer of Pyramethamine in Human Milk, J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 59: 277–284 (Nov.) 1956.

Clyde D. F. : Prolonged Malaria Prophylaxis through Pyramethamine in Mother's Milk, E. Afr. Med. J. 37: 659–660, 1960. Abs. per Excerpta Medica 16.7:66 (Abs. #313) 1962.

Terwilliger W. G. Hatcher R. A. : The Elimination of Morphine and Quinine in Human Milk, Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 58: 823–826 (May) 1934.

Berger H. : Excretion of Mandelic Acid in Breast Milk, Am. J. Dis. Child. 61: 256–261 (Feb.) 1941.

Belton E. M. Jones R. V. : Hemolytic Anemia Due to Nalidixic Acid, Lancet 2: 691 (Oct. 2) 1965.

Hosbach R. E. Foster R. B. : Absence of Nitrofurantoin from Human Milk, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 202: 1057 (Dec. 11) 1967.

Varsano I. : The Excretion of Orally Ingested Nitrofurantoin in Human Milk, J. Pediatr. 82: 886–887 (May) 1973.

Havelka J. Frankova A. : Study of Side Effects of Maternal Chloramphenicol Therapy in Newborns, Cesk. Pediatr. 21: 31–33, 1972. Abstract per Excerpta Medica 27.7: 258–259 (Abs. #1577) 1972.

Smadel J. E. : Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin®) in the Treatment of Tsutsugamushi Disease (Scrub Thyphus), J. Clin. Invest. 28: 1196–1215 (Sept.) 1949.

Procházka J. : Excretion of Chloramphenicol in Human Milk. I, Čas Lék. Česk. 103: 378–380, 1964. Abstract per Excerpta Medica 19.7:470 (Abs. #2349) 1965.

Havelka J. : Excretion of Chloramphenicol in Human Milk, Chemotherapy 13: 204–211, 1968.

Smith J. A. : Clindamycin in Human Breast Milk, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 112: 806 (Apr. 5) 1975.

Morton R. F. : Studies on the Absorption, Diffusion and Excretion of Cycloserine, Antibiot. Ann. 1955–1956: 169–172.

Medina A. : Absorption, Diffusion and Excretion of a New Antibiotic, Lincomycin, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1963: 189–196.

Chyo N. : Clinical Studies of Kanamycin Applied in the Field of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asian Med. J. 5: 265–275 (June) 1962.

Gray M. S. : Further Observations on Metronidazole (Flagyl®), Br. J. Vener. Dis. 37: 278–279 (Dec.) 1961.

Arnauld R. : Étude du Passage de la Trimétho-prime dans le Lait Maternel, Ouest Med. 25: 959–964 (Apr.) 1972.

Levine W. G. : Anticoagulant, Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Drugs, in Goodman L. S. Gilman A. (Eds.), The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 5th Ed., Macmillan Publishing Co., New York, 1975, p. 1353.

Brambel C. E. Hunter R. E. : Effect of Dicumarol on the Nursing Infant, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 59: 1153–1159 (May) 1950.

Illingworth R. S. Finch E. : Ethyl Biscoumacetate (Tromexan®) in Human Milk, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Commonw. 66: 487–488 (June) 1959.

Eckstein H. B. Jack B. : Breast-Feeding and Anticoagulant Therapy, Lancet 1: 672–673 (Mar. 28) 1970.

Goguel M. : Thérapeutique Anticoagulante et Allaitement: Étude du Passage de la Phényl-2-dioxo, 1,3 indane dans le Lait Maternel, Rev. Français Gynecol. Obstet. 65: 409–412 (July-Aug.) 1970.

Wiernik P. H. Duncan J. H. : Cyclophosphamide in Human Milk, Lancet 1: 912 (May 1) 1971.

Johns D. G. : Secretion of Methotrexate into Human Milk, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 112: 978–980 (Apr. 1) 1972.

Putter J. : Quantitative Analysis of the Main Metabolites of Acetylsalicylic Acid. Comparative Analysis in the Blood and Milk of Lactating Women, Z. Geburtsh. Perinatol. 178: 135–138, 1974. Abstract per Int. Pharm. Abstr. 12:320 (Abs. #1982) (Jan. 30) 1975.

Kwit N. T. Hatcher R. A. : Excretion of Drugs in Milk, Am. J. Dis. Child. 49: 900–904 (Apr.) 1935.

Buchanan R. A. : The Breast Milk Excretion on (sic) Flufenamic Acid, Curr. Ther. Res. 11: 533–538 (Aug.) 1969.

Cobrinik R. W. : The Effect of Maternal Narcotic Addiction on the Newborn Infant, Pediatrics 24: 288–304 (Aug.) 1959.

Buchanan R. A. : The Breast Milk Excretion of Mefenamic Acid, Curr. Ther. Res. 10: 592–596 (Nov.) 1968.

Blinick G. : Methadone Assays in Pregnant Women and Progeny, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 121: 617–621 (Mar. 1) 1975.

Kesäniemi Y. A. : Ethanol and Acetaldehyde in the Milk and Peripheral Blood of Lactating Women after Ethanol Administration, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Commonw. 81: 84–86 (Jan.) 1974.

Cobo E. : Effect of Different Doses of Ethanol on the Milk-Ejecting Reflex in Lactating Women, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 115: 817–821 (Mar. 15) 1973.

Tyson R. M. : Drugs Transmitted Through Breast Milk II. Barbiturates, J. Pediatr. 14: 86–90 (July) 1938.

Tyson R. M. : Drugs Transmitted Through Breast Milk III. Bromides, J. Pediatr. 14: 91–93 (July) 1938.

van der Bogert F. : Bromin (sic) Poisoning Through Mother's Milk, Am. J. Dis. Child. 27: 167–169 (Feb.) 1921.

Pynnönen S. Sillanpää M. : Carbamazepine and Mother's Milk, Lancet 2: 563 (Sept. 20) 1975.

Bernstine J. B. : Maternal Blood and Breast Milk Estimation Following the Administration of Chloral Hydrate During the Puerperium, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Emp. 63: 228–231 (Apr.) 1956.

Lacey J. H. : Dichloralphenazone and Breast Milk, Br. Med. J. 4: 684 (Dec. 11) 1971.

Patrick M. J. : Diazepam and Breast-Feeding, Lancet 1: 542–543 (Mar. 4) 1972.

Erkkola R. Kanto J. : Diazepam and Breast-Feeding, Lancet 1: 1235–1236 (June 3) 1972.

Cole A. P. Hailey D. M. : Diazepam and Active Metabolite in Breast Milk and their Transfer to the Neonate, Arch. Dis. Child. 50: 741–742 (Sept.) 1975.

Brandt R. : Arzn. Forsch. (Drug Research) 26: 454 (Mar.) 1976. Abstract per Inpharma: (32) 15 (Apr. 17) 1976.

Gramen K. : Acta Chirug. Scand. (Supp. I): 83, 1922.

Curry S. H. : Disposition of Glutethimide in Man, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 12: 849–857 (Sept.-Oct.) 1971.

Ayd F. J. : Excretion of Psychotropic Drugs in Human Breast Milk, Int. Drug Ther. Newsletter 8: 33–40 (Nov.-Dec.) 1973.

Finch E. Lorber J. : Methemoglobinemia in the Newborn Probably Due to Phenytoin Excreted in Human Milk, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Emp. 61: 833–834 (Dec.) 1954.

Svensmark O. : 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin®) Blood Levels after Oral or Intravenous Dosage in Man, Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 16: 331–346, 1960.

Mayo C. C. Schlicke C. P. : Appearance of a Barbiturate in Human Milk, Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin. 17: 87–88 (Feb. 11) 1942.

Hooper J. H. : Abnormal Lactation Associated with Tranquilizing Drug Therapy, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 178: 506–507 (Nov. 4) 1961.

Blacker K. H. : Mother's Milk and Chlorpromazine, Am. J. Psychiatr. 119: 178–179 (Aug.) 1962.

Schou M. Amdisen A. : Lithium and Pregnancy — III, Lithium Ingestion by Children Breast-Fed by Women on Lithium Treatment, Br. Med. J. 2: 138 (Apr. 21) 1973.

Tunnessen W. W. Hertz C. G. : Toxic Effects of Lithium in Newborn Infants: A Commentary, J. Pediatr. 81: 804–807 (Oct.) 1972.

Healy M. : Suppressing Lactation with Oral Diuretics, Lancet 1: 1353–1354 (June 17) 1961.

Werthmann M. W. Krees S. V. : Excretion of Chlorothiazide in Human Breast Milk, J. Pediatr. 81: 781–783 (Oct.) 1972.

Baldwin W. F. : Clinical Study of Senna Administration to Nursing Mothers: Assessment of Effects on Infant Bowel Habits, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 89: 566–568 (Sept. 14) 1963.

Tyson R. M. : Drugs Transmitted through Breast Milk, Part I. Laxatives, J. Pediatr. 11: 824–832 (Dec.) 1937.

Sousa P. L. R. : Metoclopramide and Breast-Feeding, Br. Med. J. 1: 512 (Mar. 1) 1975.

Fantus B. Dyniewicz J. M. : Phenolphthalein Administration to Nursing Women, Am. J. Dig. Dis. Nutr. 3: 184–185 (May) 1936.

Werthmann M. W. Krees S. V. : Quantitative Excretion of Senokot in Human Breast Milk, Med. Ann. D.C. 42: 4–5 (Jan.) 1973.

Llewellyn-Jones D. : Inhibition of Lactation, Drugs 10: 121–129, 1975.

Vorherr H. : Contraception after Abortion and Post Partum, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 117: 1002–1025 (Dec. 1) 1973.

Gambrell R. D. : Immediate Postpartum Oral Contraception, Obstet. Gynecol. 36: 101–106 (July) 1970.

Anon.: Contraceptive Steroids in Breast Milk, Br. Med. J. 4: 731–732 (Dec. 19) 1970.

Karim M. : Injected Progestogen and Lactation, Br. Med. J. 1: 200–203 (Jan. 23) 1971.

Sammour M. B. : Effect of Chlormadinone on the Composition of Human Milk, Fertil. Steril. 24: 301–304 (Apr.) 1973.

Toaff R. : Effects of Oestrogen and Progestagen on the Composition of Human Milk, J. Reprod. Fertil. 19: 475–482 (Aug.) 1969.

Kader M. M. A. : Clinical, Biochemical and Experimental Studies on Lactation III. Biochemical Changes Induced in Human Milk by Gestagens, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 105: 978–985 (Nov. 15) 1969.

Curtis E. M. : Oral-Contraceptive Feminization of a Normal Male Infant, Obstet. Gynecol. 23: 295–296 (Feb.) 1964.

Marriq P. Oddo G. : La Gynécomastie Induite Chez le Nouveau-Né par le Lait Maternel?, Nouv. Presse Méd. 3: 2579 (Nov. 30-Dec. 14) 1974.

Lauritzen C. : On Endocrine Effects of Oral Contraceptives, Acta Endocrinol. 124 (supp.): 87–100, 1967.

Wong Y. K. Wood B. S. B. : Breast-Milk Jaundice and Oral Contraceptives, Br. Med. J. 4: 403–404 (Nov. 13) 1971.

Gould S. R. : Influence of Previous Oral Contraception and Maternal Oxytocin Infusion on Neonatal Jaundice, Br. Med. J. 3: 228–230 (July 27) 1974.

Pincus G. : Radioactivity in the Milk of Subjects Receiving Radioactive 19-Norsteroids, Nature 212: 924–925 (Nov. 26) 1966.

Wijmenga H. G. van der Molen H. J. : Studies with 4-¹⁴C-Mestranol in Lactating Women, Acta Endocrinol. 61: 665–677 (Aug.) 1969.

Laumas K. R. : Radioactivity in the Breast Milk of Lactating Women After Oral Administration of ³H-Norethynodrel, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 98: 411–413 (June 1) 1967.

Laumas V. : The Possibility of Estrogenic Activity in the Human and Goat Milk after Administration of Oral Gestagens, Contraception 2: 331–338 (Nov.) 1970.

McKenzie S. A. : Secretion of Prednisolone into Breast Milk, Arch. Dis. Child. 50: 894–896 (Nov.) 1975.

Katz F. H. Duncan B. R. : Entry of Prednisone into Human Milk, N. Engl. J. Med. 293: 1154 (Nov. 27) 1975.

Arias I. M. : Prolonged Neonatal Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia Associated with Breast Feeding and a Steroid, Pregnane-3(alpha), 20(beta)-Diol, in Maternal Milk that Inhibits Glucuronide Formation In Vitro , J. Clin. Invest. 43: 2037–2047 (Nov.) 1964.

Arias I. M. Gartner L. M. : Jaundice in Breast-Fed Neonates, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 218: 746 (Nov. 1) 1971.

Foliot A. : Breast Milk Jaundice: In Vitro Inhibition of Rat Liver Bilirubin-Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronyltransferase Activity and Z Protein-Bromosulfophthalein Binding by Human Breast Milk, Pediatr. Res. 10: 594–598, 1976.

Williams R. H. : Thiouracil. Its Absorption, Distribution, and Excretion, J. Clin. Invest. 23: 613–627 (Sept.) 1944.

Moiel R. H. Ryan J. R. : Tolbutamide Orinase in Human Breast Milk, Clin. Pediatr. 8: 480 (Aug.) 1967.

Larson S. M. Schall G. L. : Gallium 67 Concentration in Human Breast Milk, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 218: 257 (Oct. 11) 1971.

Bland E. P. : Radioactive Iodine Uptake by Thyroid of Breast-Fed Infants after Maternal Blood-Volume Measurements, Lancet 2: 1039–1041 (Nov. 15) 1969.

Nurenberger C. E. Lipscomb A. : Transmission of Radioiodine (I¹³¹) to Infants Through Human Maternal Milk, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 150: 1398–1400 (Dec. 6) 1952.

Weaver J. C. : Excretion of Radioiodine in Human Milk, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 173: 872–875 (June 25) 1960.

Miller H. Weetch R. S. : The Excretion of Radioactive Iodine in Human Milk, Lancet 2: 1013 (Nov. 12) 1955.

Wyburn J. R. : Human Breast Milk Excretion of Radionuclides Following Administration of Radiopharmaceuticals, J. Nucl. Med. 14: 115–117 (Feb.) 1973.

Schwartz K.-D. : The Excretion of I¹³¹ in Breast Milk in Isotope Nephrography Performed with I^131- Hippurate Post Partum, Rad. Biol. Ther. 9: 259–262 (July) 1968.

Spencer R. P. : Breast Secretion of ^99mTc in the Amenorrhea-Galactorrhea Syndrome, J. Nucl. Med. 11: 467 (July) 1970.

Vagenakis A. G. : Duration of Radioactivity in the Milk of a Nursing Mother Following ^99mTc Administration, J. Nucl. Med. 12: 188 (Apr.) 1971.

Berke R. A. : Radiation Dose to Breast-Feeding Child after Mother Has ^99mTc-MAA Lung Scan, J. Nucl. Med. 14: 51–52 (Jan.) 1973.

Donnally H. H. : The Question of the Elimination of Foreign Protein (Egg White) in Women's Milk, J. Aller. 1: 78 (Nov.) 1929.

Bercovici B. : Fluorine in Human Milk, Obstet. Gynecol. 16: 319–321 (Sept.) 1960.

Ericsson Y. : Fluoride Excretion in Human Saliva and Milk, Caries Res. 3: 159–166, 1969.

Ericsson Y. : Pilot Studies on the Fluoride Metabolism in Infants on Different Feedings, Acta Pediatr. Scand. 61: 459–464 (July) 1972.

Ramasastri B. V. : Folate Activity in Human Milk, Br. J. Nutr. 19: 581–586, 1965.

Metz J. : Folic Acid Binding by Serum and Milk, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 21: 289–297 (Apr.) 1968.

Stegink L. D. : Monosodium Glutamate: Effect on Plasma and Breast Milk Amino Acid Levels in Lactating Women, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. Med. 140: 836–841 (July) 1972.

Deodhar A. D. : Effect of Socioeconomic Status on the Vitamin Content of Milk, J. Pediatr. 54: 34–35 (Jan.) 1959.

Foukas M. D. : An Antilactogenic Effect of Pyridoxine, J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Br. Commonw. 80: 718–720 (Aug.) 1973.

Macdonald H. N. : The Failure of Pyridoxine in Suppression of Puerperal Lactation, Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 83: 54–55 (Jan.) 1976.

Canales E. S. : The Influence of Pyridoxine on Prolactin Secretion and Milk Production in Women, Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 83: 387–388 (May) 1976.

Fehily L. : Human-Milk Intoxication Due to B₁ Avitaminosis, Br. Med. J. 2: 590–592 (Nov. 4) 1944.

Collins R. A. : The Folic Acid and Vitamin B₁₂ Content of the Milk of Various Species, J. Nutr. 43: 313–321 (Feb. 10) 1951.

Goldberg L. D. : Transmission of a Vitamin-D Metabolite in Breast Milk, Lancet 2: 1258–1259 (Dec. 9) 1972.

Dyggve H. V. : Influence on the Prothrombin Time of Breast-Fed Newborn Babies of One Single Dose of Vitamin K₁ or Synkavit (sic) Given to the Mother Within 2 Hours After Birth, Acta Obstet. Gynaecol. Scand. 35: 440–444, 1956.

del Re R. B. : Prolactin Inhibition and Suppression of Puerperal Lactation by a Br-Ergocryptine (CB 154), Obstet. Gynecol. 41: 884–890 (June) 1973.

Utian W. H. : Effect of Bromocriptine and Chlorotrianisene on Inhibition of Lactation and Serum Prolactin: A Comparative Double-Blind Study, Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 82: 755–759 (Sept.) 1959.

Shane J. M. Naftolin F. : Effect of Ergonovine Maleate on Puerperal Prolactin, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 120: 129–131 (Sept.) 1974.

Floss H. G. : Influence of Ergot Alkaloids on Pituitary Prolactin and Prolactin-Dependent Processes, J. Pharm. Sci. 62: 699–715 (May) 1973.

Blau S. P. : Metabolism of Gold During Lactation, Arth. Rheum. 16: 777–778 (Nov.-Dec.) 1973.

Holmdahl K. H. : Cholecystography During Lactation, Acta Radiol. 45: 305–307 (Apr.) 1956.

del Pozo E. : Lack of Effect of Methyl-Ergonovine on Postpartum Lactation, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 123: 845–846 (Dec. 15) 1975.

Luhman L. A. : The Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin on Lactation, Obstet. Gynecol. 21: 713–717 (June) 1963.

Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 17th Ed., American Academy of Pediatrics, Evanston, Ill., 1974, pp. 54–55.

Warren R. J. : The Relationship of Maternal Antibody, Breast Feeding and Age to the Susceptibility of Newborn Infants to Infection with Attenuated Polioviruses, Pediatrics 34: 4–13 (July) 1964.

Deforest A. : The Effect of Breast-Feeding on the Antibody Response of Infants to Trivalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine, J. Pediatr. 83: 93–95 (July) 1973.

John T. J. : Effect of Breast-Feeding on Seroresponse of Infants to Oral Poliovirus Vaccination, Pediatrics 57: 47–53 (Jan.) 1976.

Levitan A. A. Manion J. C. : Propranolol Therapy During Pregnancy and Lactation, Am. J. Cardiol. 32: 247 (Aug.) 1973.

Anderson P. O. Salter F. J. : Propranolol Therapy During Pregnancy and Lactation, Am. J. Cardiol. 37: 325 (Feb.) 1976.

Karlberg B. : Excretion of Propranolol in Human Breast Milk, Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 34: 222–224 (Mar.) 1974.

Farquhar J. D. : Follow-Up on Rubella Vaccinations and Experience with Subclinical Reinfection, J. Pediatr. 81: 460–465 (Sept.) 1972.

Yurchak A. M. Jusko W. J. : Theophylline Secretion into Breast Milk, Pediatrics 57: 518–520 (Apr.) 1976.

Åarkrog A. : Caesium-137 From Fall-Out in Human Milk, Nature 197: 667–668 (Feb. 16) 1963.

Calapaj G. G. Ongaro D. : Sul “Rapporto Osservato” Sr⁹⁰/Ca e Cs¹³⁷/K Fra Dieta e Latte Umano, Nuovi Ann. Microbiol. 18: 383–394 (Sept.-Oct.) 1967.

Woodard B. T. : DDT Levels in Milk of Rural Indigent Blacks, Am. J. Dis. Child. 130: 400–403 (Apr.) 1976.

Luquet F.-M. : Pollution of Human Milk in France with Organochlorine Insecticide Residues, Pathol. Biol. (Paris) 23: 45–49 (Jan.) 1975.

Çam C. : Une Nouvelle Dermatose Épidémique des Enfants, Ann. Dermatol. Syphilig. 87: 393–397 (July-Aug.) 1960.

West R. W. : Hexachlorophene Concentrations in Human Milk, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 13: 167–169 (Feb.) 1975.

Dillon H. K. : Lead Concentrations in Human Milk, Am. J. Dis. Child. 128: 491–492 (Oct.) 1974.

Hatcher R. A. Crosby H. : The Elimination of Nicotin (sic) in the Milk, J. Pharmacol. Exper. Ther. 32: 1–6 (Nov.) 1927.

Perlman H. H. : The Excretion of Nicotine in Breast Milk and Urine From Cigaret Smoking, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 120: 1003–1009 (Nov. 28) 1942.

Pommerenke W. T. Hahn P. F. : Secretion of Radio-active Sodium in Human Milk, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. Med. 52: 223–224 (Mar.) 1943.

Jarvis A. A. : Strontium-89 and Strontium-90 Levels in Breast Milk and in Mineral-Supplement Preparations, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 88: 136–139 (Jan. 19) 1963.

Straub C. P. Murthy G. K. : A Comparison of Sr⁹⁰ Component of Human and Cows' Milk, Pediatrics 36: 732–735 (Nov.) 1965.

Anon.: Metronidazole Box Warning, FDA Drug Bull. 6: 22–23 (Apr.-May) 1976.

Baty J. D. : May Mothers Taking Warfarin Breast Feed their Infants?, Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 3: 969 (Oct.) 1976.