Background: Data from clinical studies confirm the efficacy of switching to dolutegravir (DTG) plus rilpivirine (RPV) in selected patients. Objective: The primary objective is to report the 96-week virological suppression in our cohort, assessing the durability of this strategy in complicated situations. The secondary objective is to describe the safety and metabolic profile. Methods: All patients who had switched to DTG plus RPV between October 1, 2014, and September 30, 2015, were analyzed using a retrospective-prospective design, approved by ethics committees. Routine metabolic, immunological, and virological data were regularly sent to the coordinating center. Viral control was classified as HIV-1 RNA ≥50 copies/mL, 1 to 49 copies/mL, or undetectable (no virus detected [NVD]). Results: We followed 145 patients for a median of 101 weeks. The median age was 52 years; 31.7% were women, and 9.6% non-Caucasian; 50.3% had failed at least 1 antiretroviral regimen; and 15% had ≥50 copies/mL at baseline. The reasons for switching were as follows: simplification (51.7%), toxicity (36.5%), drug-drug interactions (6.9%), persistent low-level viremia (3.0%), nonadherence (2.1%), and viral failure (1.4%). By week 96, seven patients dropped out. At week 96, none had ≥50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, 138 (95.2%) had <50 copies/mL, and 123 (84.8%) had NVD. The low- to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio decreased significantly (P = 0.04). Of the 287 baseline altered laboratory parameters, 32.7% normalized by week 96. Serum glucose and total- and LDL-cholesterol normalization were statistically significant. Conclusions: Switching to DTG plus RPV improved viral suppression and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio.
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