National Association of School Nurses (NASN) Position Statement: Environmental Health

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Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments. (2022). Climate change and health. https://envirn.org/climate-change/

Argentieri M. A. Amin N. Nevado-Holgado A. J. Sproviero W. Collister J. A. Keestra S. M. Kuilman M. M. Ginos B. N. R. Ghanbari M. Doherty A. Hunter D. J. Alvergne A. van Duijn C. M. (2025). Integrating the environmental and genetic architectures of aging and mortality. Nature Medicine, 31, 1016–1025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03483-9

Aspen Institute. (2021). K12 climate action plan. https://www.thisisplaneted.org/img/K12-ClimateActionPlan-Complete-Screen.pdf

Butterfield P. Leffers J. Vásquez M. D. (2021). Nursing's pivotal role in global climate action. BMJ, 373, n1049. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1049

Campbell L. A. Anderko L. (2020). Moving upstream from the individual to the community: Addressing social determinants of health. NASN School Nurse, 35(3), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X20902462

Chartres N. Cooper C. B. Bland G. Pelch K. E. Sheiphali A. Gandhi S. A. BakenRa A. Woodruff T. J. (2024). Effects of microplastic exposure on human digestive, reproductive, and respiratory health: A rapid systematic review. Environmental Science & Technology, 58(52), 22843–22864. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c09524

Combe L. (2021). Environmental impacts on student health: A call for school nurse action. NASN School Nurse, 36(2), 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X21991526

Deitche A. L. Burda A. M. (2022). Management of toxicological emergencies in the school setting: An overview for school nurses, part 3. NASN School Nurse, 37(6), 306–312. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X221102580

Department of Toxic Substances Control. (2024). Background document on candidate chemicals in artificial turf. Safer Consumer Products Program. California Environmental Protection Agency. https://dtsc.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/31/2024/07/Background-Document-on-Candidate-Chemicals-in-Artificial-Turf.pdf

Ebi K. L. Vanos J. Baldwin J. W. Bell J. E. Hondula D. M. Errett N. A. Hayes K. Reid C. E. Saha S. Spector J. Berry P. (2021). Extreme weather and climate change: Population health and health system implications. Annual Review of Public Health, 42, 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105026

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Glauberman G. Bray M. Freeman K. (2023). Planetary health and nursing: A call to action. Hawaii Journal of Health & Social Welfare, 82(5), 120–122. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10161399/

Gouge D. H. Lame M. L. Stock T. W. Rose L. F. Hurley J. A. Lerman D. L. Nair S. Nelson M. A. Gangloff-Kaufmann J. McSherry L. Connett J. F. Graham L. Green T. A. (2023). Improving environmental health in schools. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care, 53(4), 101407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2023.101407

Gupta J. Bai X. Liverman D. M. Rockström J. Qin D. Stewart-Koster B. Rocha J. C. Jacobson L. Abrams J. F. Andersen L. S. Armstrong McKay D. I. Bala G. Bunn S. E. Ciobanu D. DeClerck F. Ebi K. L. Gifford L. Gordon C. Hasan S. Gentile G. (2024). A just world on a safe planet: A lancet planetary health–earth commission report on earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations. The Lancet Planetary Health, 8(10), e813–e873. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00042-1

Healthy Buildings Program. (2021). Foundations for student success. How school buildings influence student health, thinking and performance. Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. https://schools.forhealth.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/02/Schools_ForHealth_UpdatedJan21.pdf

Holm S. M. Miller M. D. Balmes J. R. (2021). Health effects of wildfire smoke in children and public health tools: A narrative review. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 31(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-00267-4

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2022). Climate change 2021: Summary for all. UN Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organization. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/outreach/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SummaryForAll.pdf

Marquard S. Wade H. Oerther S. (2025). The role of the school nurse in addressing climate-associated illnesses: Vector-borne diseases. NASN School Nurse, 40(2), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X241247143

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National Association of School Nurses. (2024). A contemporary framework update for today’s school nursing landscape: Introducing the school nursing practice FrameworkTM. NASN School Nurse, 39(3), 140–147. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X241241092

Oerther S. Berkley A. Reangsing C. (2024). The role of the school nurse in addressing climate-associated illnesses: Mental well-being. NASN School Nurse, 39(6), 296–300. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X231214264

Oerther S. Manspeaker S. (2024). The role of the school nurse in addressing climate-associated illnesses: Air quality. NASN School Nurse, 39(2), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X231200024

Oerther S. Oerther D. B. (2024). The role of the school nurse in addressing climate-associated illnesses: Water. NASN School Nurse, 39(3), 125–129. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X231208711

Pakenham C. Olson B. (2021). How states are handling lead in school drinking water. Education Leaders Report, 7(1), 1–16. National Association of State Boards of Education. https://nasbe.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/2021/12/Pakenham-et-al_School-Lead-Testing-Report.pdf

Passarelli D. Denton F. Day A. (2021). Beyond opportunism: The UN development system’s response to the triple planetary crisis. United Nations University. http://collections.unu.edu/view/UNU:8210

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Perera F. Nadeau K. (2022). Climate change, fossil-fuel pollution, and children’s health. New England Journal of Medicine, 386(4), 2303–2314. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra2117706

Raney M. A. Daniel E. Jack N. (2023). Impact of urban schoolyard play zone diversity and nature-based design features on unstructured recess play behaviors. Landscape and Urban Planning, 230, 104632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104632

Reiner K. L. Haas-Howard C. (2022). Essential strategies for school nurses to move upstream in support of healthy students and a healthy planet. NASN School Nurse, 37(4), 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X221078342

Ripple W. J. Wolf C. Gregg J. W. Rockström J. Mann M. E. Oreskes N. Lenton T. M. Rahmstorf S. Newsome T. M. Xu C. Svenning J.-C. Pereira C. C. Law B. E. Crowther T. W. (2024). The 2024 state of the climate report: Perilous times on planet earth. BioScience, 74(12), 812–824. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biae087

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Sampath V. Nadeau K. C. Ebi K. L. Narvaez D. Tessema M. T. Pak-Gorstein S. Darmstadt G. L. (2022). Improving planetary health is integral to improving children’s health—a call to action. Pediatric Research, 98(4), 1246-1249. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-02432-x

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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2024). About the state school environmental health guidelines. https://www.epa.gov/schools/about-state-school-environmental-health-guidelines

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2025). Creating healthy indoor air quality in schools. https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools

Vandenberg S. Strus J. A. Chircop A. Egert A. Savard J. (2024). Planetary health in nursing: A scoping review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 81(12), 8080–8115. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16570

Whitman E. M. Fleming L. E. Landrigan P. J. (2024). Children’s health and the ocean: A vital connection. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 8, e003028. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-003028