The practice of school nursing must change with the times. School nurses must develop new leadership and collaborative skills to work within the interdisciplinary school and community teams that will be required to put changes in place. This article defines current trends and their implications for the search for the most efficient and appropriate school health services. It explores preparation and competencies for school nurses, legal and ethical concerns, and financing needed to provide adequate school health services. Many support systems exist today, and new ones are being developed to expand the range of health services provided in schools. The National Association of School Nurses encourages strategic planning for the new school health environment, and the Office of School Health at the University of Colorado provides extensive resources to help school nurses develop and put their plans in place.
BachmanJ. A., BrennanP. F., PatrickT., & ColeM. (2000). Schoolhealth Link- A World Wide Web–based health resource. Journal of School Nursing, 16(1), 28–33.
2.
BergrenM. D. (1999). Create a virtual community: Start an Internet discussion list, Journal of School Nursing, 15(5), 24–28.
3.
BrainerdE. (1999). Health of America's children at school: Developing a research agenda (Appendix A, pp. 26–28). Washington, DC: National Nursing Coalition for School Health, National Center for School Health Nursing, American Nurses Foundation.
4.
BrandtC. M. (1999). Creating a living document: Developing the National Association of School Nurses mission statement for the new millennium. Journal of School Nursing, 15(5), 30–33.
5.
BrandtC. M. (2000). Creating a living document: The National Association of School Nurses Strategic Plan 1998–2001 mid-course evaluation. Journal of School Nursing, 16(1), 36–38.
6.
BrowneA., & WildavskyA. (1984). Implementation as Exploration. In PressmanJ. L., & WildavskyA., (Eds.), Implementation (pp. 232–256). Berkeley: University of California Press.
7.
California Department of Education. (2000). Building infrastructure for coordinated school health. California's blueprint. Sacramento: California Department of Education, School Health Connections Office.
8.
CowellJ. M., & CowellM. S. (1999). Immunization rates: A community assessment approach for diagnosis. Journal of School Nursing, 15(5), 40–43.
9.
FryerG. E., & IgoeJ. B. (1995). Report: A relationship between availability of school nurses and child well-being. Journal of School Nursing, 11(3), 12–16, 18.
10.
GregoryE. K. (2000). Empowering students on medication for asthma to be active participants in their care: An exploratory study. Journal of School Nursing, 16(1), 20–27.
11.
HansenS., HoladayB., & MilesM. S. (1990). The role of pediatric nurses in a federal program for infants and young children with handicaps. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 5(4), 246–251.
12.
IgoeJ., & GiardanoB. (1992). Expanding school health services to serve families in the 21st century.Washington, DC: American Nurses.
13.
JohnsonS. (1998). Who moved my cheese? An amazing way to deal with change in your work and in your life.New York: Putnam.
14.
KaneA. (2000, August 16). Denver voters will get say on kid tax: Council panels OK referendum. Denver Post, p. B-02.
15.
National Nursing Coalition for School Health. (1995). School health nursing services: Exploring national issues and priorities. Journal of School Health, 65, 370–389.
16.
ProctorS. (1998). Identifying a “critical mass” of specialty content for school nursing. Journal of School Nursing, 14(3), 2.
17.
Rosenberg & Associates. (1999). Reorganizing School Health, a feasibility study for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Retrieved September 26, 2000 from the World Wide Web: http://www.gwu.edu/mtg/sh/index.htm
18.
SavageT. A., & MichalakD. R. (2000). Ethical, legal, and moral issues in pediatric rehabilitation. In EdwardsP. A., Hertz-bergD. L., HayesS. R., & YoungbloodN. M, (Eds.), Pediatric Rehabilitation Nursing (pp. 62–83). Philadelphia: Saunders.
19.
SollowayM., & BudettiP. (1995). Child health supervision.Arlington, VA: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health.
20.
StarfieldB. (1995). Population and selective (high-risk) approaches to prevention in well child care. In SollowayM., & BudettiP., (Eds.), Child Health Supervision (pp. 205–226). Arlington, VA: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health.
21.
StricklandO. L. (1995). Executive summary: Primary care in public schools.Atlanta, GA: Southern Council on Collegiate Education for Nursing of the Southern Regional Education Board.
22.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2000). Healthy People 2010. Retrieved September 26, 2000 from the World Wide Web: http://www.health.gov/healthypeople
23.
WeinmanM. L., SolomonC., & GlassM. B. (1999). Opportunities for pregnant and parenting teenagers: A school-based and school-linked intervention program. Journal of School Nursing15(5), 11–18.
24.
WheatleyM. J. (1999). Leadership and the new science: Discovering order in a chaotic world.Berkeley, CA: P.G.W.
25.
YatesS. (1994). The practice of school nursing: Integration with new models of health service delivery. Journal of School Nursing.10(1), 10–14, 16–19.
