Scheduling Reform: A Longitudinal Exploration of High School Block Scheduling Structures

Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (1985). With consequences for all: A report from the ASCD taskforce on increased high school graduation requirements (Stock No. 611-85418). Alexandria, VA: ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 182 465.

Ballinger C. (1995). Prisoners no more. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 28–31.

Bonstingl J. J. (1992). Schools of quality: An introduction to total quality management in education. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Bottoms G. , Presson A. , and Johnson M. (1992). Making high schools work through integration of academic and vocational education. Atlanta, GA: Southern Regional Educational Board.

Boyer E. L. (1983a). High school: Report of secondary education in America. New York: Harper.

Boyer E. L. (1983b). The American high school. American Educator, pp. 30–33, 40–45.

Canady R. L. (1988). A cure for fragmented school schedules in elementary schools. Educational Leadership, 46(October): 65–67.

Canady R. L. , and Hotchkiss R R. (1989). It's a good score! Just a had grade. Phi Delta Kappan (Septemher): 68–71.

Canady R. L. (1989). Design school scheduling structures to increase student learning. Focus in Change, 1, 2 (March): 7–8.

Canady R. L. (1990). Parallel block scheduling: A better way to organize school. Principal, 69(3): 34–36.

Canady R. L. , and Rettig M. D. (1992). Restructuring middle level schedules to promote equal access. Schools in the Middle (Summer): 20–26.

Canady R. L. , and Reina J. M. (1993). Parallel block scheduling: An alternative structure. Principal, 73(3): 26–29.

Canady R. L. , and Rettig M. D. (1995a). The power of innovative scheduling. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 4–10.

Canady R. L. , and Rettig M. D. (1995b). Block scheduling: A catalyst for change in high schools. Princeton, NJ: Eye on Education.

Carroll J. M. (1989). The Copernican plan: Restructuring the American high school. Andover, MA: The Regional Laboratory for Educational Improvement of the Northeast and Islands.

Carroll J. M. (1990). The Copernican plan: Restructuring the American high school. Phi Delta Kappan, 71(5): 358–365.

Cawelti G. (1994). High school restructuring: A national study. Arlington, VA: Educational Research Service.

Dempster F. N. (1993). Exposing our students to less should help them to learn more. Phi Delta Kappan, 74(6): 433–437.

Edwards C. M. (1993). Virgina's 4×4 high schools: High school, college, and more. NAASP Bulletin, 79, 571: 23–41.

Edwards C. M. (1993). The four-period day: Restructuring to improve student performance. NASSP Bulletin (May): 77–88.

Edwards C. M. (1995). The 4×4 plan. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 16–19.

Edwards C. M. (1995). Virginia's 4×4 high schools: High school, college, and more. NASSP Bulletin (May): 24–25.

Fullan M. G. , and Miles M. B. (1992). Getting reform right: What works and what doesn't. Phi Delta Kappan, 73(2): 744–752.

Fulong J. , and Morrison (1994). Miniseries: School violence. School Psychology Review, 28(2).

Gilman D. A. , and Knoll S. (1984). Increasing instructional time: What are the priorities and how do they affect the alternatives? NASSP Bulletin, 68: 41–44.

Goldman J. J. (1983). Flexible modular scheduling: Results of evaluations in its second decade. Urban Education, 18(2): 191–228.

Gorman B. W. (1971). Secondary education: The high school America needs. New York: Random House.

Grinsel J. G. (1989). Flexible schedueling: A second chance? American Secondary Education, 18(2): 29–31.

Gunter M. A. , Estes T. , and Schwab J. (1990). Instruction: A model's approach. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Hackman D. C. (1995). Ten guidelines for implementing block scheduling. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 24–27.

Hanson B. J. (1995). Getting to know you: Multiyear teaching. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 42–43.

Johnson D. W. , and Johnson R. T. (1987). Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic, 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Jones J. H. (1995). Extending school hours: A capital idea. Journal of Educational Leadership, 53(3): 44–46.

Joyce B. (1992). Models of Teaching. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Justiz M. J. (1984). It's time to make every minute count. Phi Delta Kappan (March): 483–485.

Kagan S. (1990). Cooperative learning: Resources for teachers. San Juan Capistrano, CA: Resources for Teachers Inc.

Karweit N. (1985). Should we lengthen the school term? Educational Researcher, 14(6): 9–15.

Merenhloom E. Y. (1992). The Team Process: A Handbook for Teachers, 3rd ed. Columbus, OH: National Middle School Association.

Murdock L. A. , Hansen M. J. , Kraemer J. P. , Vandiver K. , Hunt I , and Hennessy J. M. (1995). Horace's Fridays. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 37–40.

National Commission on Excellence in Education (1984). A nation at risk. Cambridge, MA: USA Research.

National Education Commission on Time and Learning (1994). Prisoners of time. Report of the National Education Commission on time and learning. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

O'Neil J. (1995). Finding time to learn. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 11–15.

Queen J. A. , and Isenhour K. G. (1998). The 4×4 block schedule. Princeton, NJ: Eye on Education.

Rettig M. D. (June/July, 1995). Directory of high school scheduling models in Virginia (p. 9). Montpelier, VA: James Madison University.

Rossmiller R. A. (1983). Time-on-task: A look at what erodes time for instruction. NASSP Bulletin, 67: 45–49.

Salvaterra M. , and Adams D. (1995). Departing from tradition: Two schools’ stories. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 28–31.

Schrenko L. (1994). Structuring a learner-centered school. Palatine, IL: IRI/Skylight Publishing.

Sizer T. R. (1990). Horace's school: Redesigning the American high school. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.

Sizer T. R. (1992). Horace's compromise: The dilemma of the American high school. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.

Slavin R. E. (1990). Cooperative learning: Theory, research and practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Sommerfeld M. (1994). Longer year, day proposed for schooling. Education Week (May 11), pp. 1, 12.

Stumpf T. (1995). A Colorado school's unrocky road to trimesters. Educational Leadership, 53(3): 20–22.

Trump J. L. (1959). Images of the future: A new approach to the secondary school. Washington, DC: National Association of Secondary School Principals.

Vars G. F. (1993). Interdisciplinary teaching: Why and how? Columbus, OH: National Middle School Association.