Abstract
Objective
To evaluate whether PNAM treatment in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate would affect maxillary bone development using CBCT and three-dimensional facial scanning.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
Single institution.
Patients
A total of 37 patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate were selected.
Interventions
Group 1 (n = 20): PNAM treatment was performed before surgery for unilateral complete cleft lip. Group 2 (n = 17): Unilateral complete cleft lip patients did not receive PNAM treatment before surgery.
Main Outcome Measures
The linear or angular relationships between the landmark points of the maxilla on the cleft and non-cleft sides in the two groups of patients, the development of the depth, width and height of the maxilla in the two groups of patients, and the development of the facial soft tissue in the two groups of patients.
Result
No significant differences were found between the PNAM and N-PNAM groups in nasal or maxillary dimensions, maxillomandibular relationships, or craniofacial structures. For maxillary morphology, only WLPA (sagittal), DZm, and DMA (coronal) showed significant differences; all other parameters were comparable. No significant differences were observed in any facial soft tissue measurements.
Conclusion
After PNAM treatment, patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate during the mixed dentition period show no adverse effects on nasal and maxillary size, maxillomandibular relationship, or craniofacial structure. Although some three-dimensional parameters (WLPA, DZm, DMA) show statistical differences, these do not affect the overall morphology of the maxilla, mandible, or facial soft tissues.
Keywords
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
