This study aimed to introduce a classification scheme and treatment algorithm for Submucous Cleft Palate (SMCP) to improve surgical outcomes and standardize patient management.
Design
A retrospective review of patients presenting with SMCP was conducted, categorizing them according to the proposed classification scheme based on the extent of the zona pellucida and palatal length. Tailored surgical interventions were implemented for each category.
Setting
CLAPP Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from 2015 to 2023.
Patients/Participants
252 patients with SMCP were identified (Mage = 8.29 years; 52.8% male, 47.2% female). Patients with other cleft variants were excluded.
Interventions
The classification scheme categorized patients into three types based on the extent of the zona pellucida and further stratified them by palatal length. Surgical interventions included midline incisions, modified and standard Von Langenbeck techniques, and adjunctive palatal lengthening or pharyngeal flaps for patients with inadequate palatal length.
Main Outcome Measures
Speech was assessed pre- and post-operatively using a modified Ann Kummer Speech Evaluation Protocol. Post-operative complications, including fistula formation, were recorded.
Results
Significant speech improvement was observed, with 89.9% of patients improving from moderate/severe hypernasality to mild hypernasality. Patients receiving a pharyngeal flap exhibited a significant improvement in speech (p < .001) compared to those who did not. Fistulas were observed in 8.7% of cases, consistent with rates reported in the literature.
Conclusion
The proposed classification scheme and treatment algorithm show promise in providing a practical framework for SMCP management. This framework will help standardize the management of patients with SMCP and improve postoperative outcomes in these patients.
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