Worth the Pain? Comparing Pain Scores in Primary Furlow Palatoplasty With and Without Buccal Flap Augmentation

Abstract

Objective

Pain following primary palatoplasty can adversely affect nutritional and quality of life following primary palatoplasty. The incorporation of buccal flaps during primary cleft palate (CP) repair provides additional tissue to reduce the risk of velopharyngeal insufficiency, though the additional donor site may alter pain levels in the postoperative period. This study sought to compare postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing primary CP repair with or without buccal flaps.

Design

A single-institution, retrospective cohort study.

Setting

An academic children's hospital with an affiliated comprehensive cleft care team.

Patients

Patients age 18 months or less with cleft palate undergoing primary palatoplasty from 2016 to 2021 were included. Patients were stratified by the number of buccal flaps utilized during repair.

Main Outcome Measures

Primary outcome was 24-h postoperative pain score, measured using the FLACC pain scale. Secondary outcome was 24-h postoperative narcotic use, measured in morphine milligram equivalents (MME).

Results

A total of 106 patients (53 without buccal flaps, 53 with 1 + buccal flaps) were included. There was no significant difference in postoperative pain scores between the groups (p > 0.9). Both groups had similar postoperative narcotic utilization (p = 0.8).

Conclusions

This study demonstrates no significant difference in postoperative pain levels or narcotic utilization between patients undergoing primary Furlow palatoplasty with or without buccal flaps. This information can help address parental concerns regarding pain in the context of a larger donor site for patients undergoing primary palatoplasty with buccal flaps. Larger, multi-institutional randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.