Single-Stage Posterior Vomerine Ostectomy and Primary Cheiloplasty in Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip & Palate and Protuberant Premaxilla

Abstract

Objective

A protruded premaxilla has always been challenging to care for by cleft care professionals. This study aims to fortify the use of a single-stage premaxillary setback, with posterior vomerine ostectomy and primary cheiloplasty to achieve proper care for patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and protruded premaxilla.

Design

Longitudinal retrospective analysis.

Setting

Twenty-three outreach programs to four countries (Ecuador, Lebanon, Peru, and El-Salvador) between 2016-2022.

Patients/Participants

Sixty-five patients between the ages of 3 months and 6 years and 5 months, with BCLP and severely protruded premaxilla underwent premaxillary setback via posterior vomerine ostectomy and primary cheiloplasty. Patients with diagnosed syndromes and inaccessible vomer bone due to fused palates were excluded from the study.

Interventions

Premaxillary setback with posterior vomerine ostectomy, bilateral gingivoperiosteoplasties (GPP), and primary cheiloplasty.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Postoperative complications and aesthetic outcomes.

Results

The mean age at surgery was 13.17 ± 14.1 months, with an average follow-up time of 26 ± 17 months. Patients underwent their procedures in Ecuador (72%), Peru (9%), Lebanon (8%) and El-Salvador (1%). The majority of patients were aged 1 year or less (66.7%) and were males (58.5%). All patients were operated on successfully and had good aesthetic outcomes. Only one patient developed partial necrosis.

Conclusion

Patients with BCLP and severe premaxillary protrusion have always carried immense social, psychological, and financial burdens, especially in outreach settings. Our described single-stage technique has proven to be safe and effective with good aesthetic results. Further follow-up after primary repair should be done to document and ensure proper facial growth and normal nasolabial maturation.