The aim of this narrative review is to explore the characteristics of palliative care curriculum developed for high school adolescent and young adults (AYAs).
Methods
A search was conducted using the databases: ERIC, PubMed, and CINHAL yielding a total of 202 articles. These articles were screened using strategic exclusions and criteria, resulting in five relevant literature works to be analyzed. Results: Characteristics including a variety of designs, methods, and strategies were all identified to have positive participation, feedback, and experiences from high school AYA being provided palliative care curriculum. Conclusions: The literature indicates that the use of subject matter experts within palliative care curriculum for high school students is a core characteristic in meeting the World Health Organizations recommendation to embed palliative care curriculum into public awareness strategies.
BeccaroM.GolloG.CecconS.GiordanoM.SalviniE.VignaliS.CostantiniM.Di LeoS. (2015). Students, severe illness, and palliative care: Results from a pilot study on a school-based intervention. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®, 32(7), 715–724. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909114539187
2.
BeccaroM.GolloG.GiordanoM.IgazziniJ.ServenteV.VignaliS.CostantiniM.LeoS. D. (2014). The ligurian high-school educational project on palliative care: Development and piloting of a school-based intervention on bereavement and severe illness. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®, 31(7), 756–764. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909113503394
3.
BérubéA.TappD.DupéréS.PlaisanceA.BravoG.DownarJ.CoutureV. (2022). “Do socioeconomic factors influence knowledge, attitudes, and representations of end-of-life practices? A cross-sectional study. Journal of Palliative Care, 082585972211316. https://doi.org/10.1177/08258597221131658
4.
Bollig G.GräfK.GrunaH.DrexlerD.PothmannR. (2024). “We Want to Talk about Death, Dying and Grief and to Learn about End-of-Life Care”–Lessons Learned from a Multi-Center Mixed-Methods Study on Last Aid Courses for Kids and Teens. Children. 11(2), 224. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020224
ClarkD.BaurN.ClellandD.GarraldaE.López-FidalgoJ.ConnorS.CentenoC. (2020). Mapping levels of palliative care development in 198 countries: The situation in 2017. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 59(4), 794–807.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.11.009
7.
ClarkJ. K.FascianoK. (2015). Young adult palliative care: Challenges and opportunities. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®, 32(1), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909113510394
8.
ClarkJ.GardinerC.BarnesA. (2018). International palliative care research in the context of global development: A systematic mapping review. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, 8(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-001008
DiekemaD. S. (2020). Adolescent brain development and medical decision-making. Pediatrics, 146(Supplement 1), S18–S24. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0818F
GrantM. S.BackA. L.DettmarN. S. (2021). Public perceptions of advance care planning, palliative care, and hospice: A scoping review. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 24(1), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2020.0111
13.
KavalieratosD.ErnecoffN. C.Keim-MalpassJ.DegenholtzH. B. (2015). Knowledge, attitudes, and preferences of healthy young adults regarding advance care planning: A focus group study of university students in Pittsburgh, USA. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 197. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1575-y
14.
LaneT.RamaduraiD.SimonettiJ. (2019). Public awareness and perceptions of palliative and comfort care. The American Journal of Medicine, 132(2), 129–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.07.032
15.
LiL.BarnesD. E.NouriS.ShiY.VolowA. M.FeuzM.LiB. H.SudoreR. L. (2024). Surrogate decision-makers from historically marginalized populations have lower levels of preparedness for care planning. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 72(2), 559–566. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.18732
16.
LiuM.RosaR. D. D.SunW.LiuG.LiD. (2022). Awareness, attitudes, and willingness of young adults in mainland China regarding advance care planning: A cross-sectional study. Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 14(01), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2022.v14i01.002
17.
Martins PereiraS.AraújoJ.Hernández-MarreroP. (2018). Towards a public health approach for palliative care: An action-research study focused on engaging a local community and educating teenagers. BMC Palliative Care, 17(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-018-0344-y
18.
McIlfatrickS.NobleH.McCorryN. K.RoulstonA.HassonF.McLaughlinD.JohnstonG.RutherfordL.PayneC.KernohanG.KellyS.CraigA. (2014). Exploring public awareness and perceptions of palliative care: A qualitative study. Palliative Medicine, 28(3), 273–280. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216313502372
19.
MeierD. E.BackA. L.BermanA.BlockS. D.CorriganJ. M.MorrisonR. S. (2017). A national strategy for palliative care. Health Affairs, 36(7), 1265–1273. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0164
20.
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 273, 1403–1420. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
PattersonR. M.GibbC.HazelwoodM. A. (2022). End of life aid skills for everyone in Scotland. Palliative Care and Social Practice, 16, 26323524221076510. https://doi.org/10.1177/26323524221076511
23.
SeymourJ. (2018). The impact of public health awareness campaigns on the awareness and quality of palliative care. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 21(S1), S-30–S-36. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2017.0391
24.
TestoniI.PalazzoL.RonconiL.DonnaS.CottoneP. F.WieserM. A. (2021). The hospice as a learning space: A death education intervention with a group of adolescents. BMC Palliative Care, 20(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00747-w
25.
ThiemK. C.DasguptaN. (2022). From precollege to career: Barriers facing historically marginalized students and evidence-based solutions. Social Issues and Policy Review, 16(1), 212–251. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12085
