Regression-Based Normative Data for the Perri Spanish Auditory Verbal Learning and Memory Test In Early-To-Midlife Mexican Adults

Abstract

Background

The Perri Auditory Verbal Learning Test (Perri-AVLT) is a cognitive tool that is used to assess verbal learning and memory. To date, demographically adjusted norms for Perri-AVLT have not been identified for Mexican adults.

Objectives

This study aimed to 1) estimate the means, standard deviations, and ranges for Perri-AVLT raw scores, 2) develop regression-based norms from healthy participants to enable demographic adjustments for clinical interpretation, and 3) assess test-retest reliability.

Methods

The sample included 430 participants (380 cognitively normal individuals and 50 clinical cases) aged 18–59 years from Mexico (Jalisco, Guanajuato and Mexico City). The participants completed the Perri-AVLT. A multivariate regression-based norming approach was used to evaluate the effects of age, sex, and years of education on test performance.

Results

Healthy participants aged $\le$ 39 years performed significantly better than those aged $\ge$ 40 years did in all the Perri-AVLT trials. Age and years of education were significant predictors of performance, with older age associated with lower scores and more years of education associated with greater word recall on the Perri-AVLT.

Conclusion

We provided normative data for the Perri-AVLT after performing regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors. These norms can be used to evaluate verbal learning and memory in early-to-midlife Mexican adults. This information can support neuropsychologists in the context of cognitive assessment, rehabilitation and research.