This article addresses the need for a comprehensive method of teaching management, with an emphasis on skill development. Using an inductive/deductive learning framework to critique several popular teaching methods, a model is proposed that integrates the best of several methods. This model places equal emphasis on thinking and doing, learning and applying. Five learning activities constitute the model: experience, understand, practice, reflect, and apply. Specific classroom activities, discussion questions, and learning objectives are provided as illustrations for each of the five learning activities.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Abraham, R. G.
(1985). Field independence-dependence and the teaching of grammar. TESOL Quarterly, 20, 689-702.
2.
Akin, G.
(1991). Self-directed learning in introductory management. Journal of Management Education, 15, 295-312.
3.
Albanese, R.
(1989a). Competency-based management education. Journal of Management Development, 8(2), 66-76.
4.
Albanese, R.
(1989b). Competency-based management education: Three operative and normative issues. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 14(1), 16-28.
5.
Argyris, C.
(1980). Some limitations of the case method: Experiences in a management development program. Academy of Management Review, 5, 291-298.
6.
Argyris, C.
, & Schön, D. A. (1978). Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
7.
Bandura, A.
(1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
8.
Bigelow, J. D.
(1991). Managerial skills: Explorations in practical knowledge. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
9.
Bowen, D. D.
(1987). Developing a personal theory of experiential learning. Simulation and Games, 18, 192-206.
10.
Boje, D. M.
(1991). Learning storytelling: storytelling to learn management skills. Journal of Management Education, 15, 279-294.
11.
Boyatzis, R. E.
(1994). Stimulating self-directed learning through the managerial assessment and development course. Journal of Management Education, 18, 304-323.
12.
Cameron, K. S.
, & Whetten, D. A. (1983). A model for teaching management skills. Exchange: The Organizational Behavior Teaching Journal, 8(2), 10-15.
13.
Christensen, C. R.
(1987). Teaching and the case method: An instructor's guide. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
14.
Christensen, C. R.
(1991). The discussion teacher in action: Questioning, listening, and response. In C. R. Christensen, D. A. Garvin, & A. Sweet (Eds.), Education for judgment (pp. 153-172). Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
15.
Christensen, C. R.
, Garvin, D. A., & Sweet, A. (Eds.). (1991). Education for judgment. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
16.
Fleming, R. K.
(1992). An integrated behavioral approach to transfer of interpersonal leadership skills. Journal of Management Education, 16, 341-353.
17.
Fletcher, K.
(1991). Guidelines for effective role plays. In D. A. Whetten & K. S. Cameron (Eds.), Instructor's Manual for Developing Management Skills (2nd ed., pp. 252-257). New York: Harper Collins.
18.
Gallos, J. V.
(1993). Women's experiences and ways of knowing: implications for teaching and learning in the organizational behavior classroom. Journal of Management Education, 17, 7-26.
19.
Gallos, J. V.
(1994). On management education for women: Faulty assumptions, new possibilities. Paper presented at the New Models of Management Education, GMAC/AACSB Invitational Conference, September.
20.
Gardner, M.
(1988). The computer as scientist. Discover, 4(6), 84-88.
21.
Gessner, R.
(Ed.). (1956). The democratic man: Selected writing of Eduard C. Lindeman. Boston: Beacon.
22.
Hall, F. S.
(1994). Management education by design. Journal of Management Education, 18, 182-197.
23.
Herron, C.
, & Tomasello, M. (1992). Acquiring grammatical structures by guided induction. The French Review, 65, 708-718.
24.
Keys, B.
, & Wolfe, J. (1990). The role of management games and simulation in education and research. Journal of Management, 16, 307-336.
25.
Knippen, J. T.
(1988). Teaching management skills. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 13(2), 39-46.
26.
Knowles, M. S.
(1975). Self-directed learning: A guide for learners and teachers. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
27.
Kolb, D. A.
(1984). Experiential learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
28.
Lott, G. W.
(1983). The effect of inquiry teaching and advance organizers upon student outcomes in science education. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 20, 437-451.
29.
Manz, C. C.
, & Sims, H. P., Jr. (1981). Vicarious learning: the influence of modeling on organizational behavior. Academy of Management Review, 6, 105-113.
30.
McCall, M. W., Jr.
, Lombardo, M. M., & Morrison, A. (1988). The lessons of experience. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
31.
McEvoy, G. M.
, & Cragun, J. R. (1987). Management skill-building in an organization behavior course. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 11(4), 60-73.
32.
McMillan, M. C.
, White, J., & McKee, A. (1994). Assessing managerial skills in a social context. Journal of Management Education, 18, 162-181.
33.
Michaelsen, L. K.
, Watson, W. E., & Schraeder, C. B. (1985). Informative testing: A practical approach for tutoring with groups. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 9(4), 19-33.
34.
Miner, F. C., Jr.
, Das, H., & Gale, J. (1984). An investigation of the relative effectiveness of three diverse teaching methodologies. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 9(2), 49-59.
35.
Mintzberg, H.
(1975). The manager's job: Folkdore and fact. Harvard Business Review, 53(4), 49-61.
36.
Morine-Dershimer, G.
(1987). Informal theory and instructional practice: Sensemaking makes sense. Theory into Practice, 26, 59-66.
37.
O'Connor, E. S.
(1993). People skills as a discipline, pedagogy, and set of standard practices. Journal of Management Education, 17, 218-227.
38.
Porter, L. W.
, & McKibbin, L. E. (1988). Management Education and Development: Drift or Thrust into the 21st Century?. New York: McGraw-Hill.
39.
Quinn, R. E.
, Faerman, S. R., Thompson, M. P., & McGrath, M. R. (1990). Becoming a master manager. New York: Wiley.
40.
Ramsey, V. S.
, & Couch, P. D. (1994). Beyond self-directed learning: A partnership model of teaching and learning. Journal of Management Education, 18, 139-161.
41.
Robinson, J. A.
(1981). Personal narratives reconsidered. Journal of American Folklore, 94, 58-85.
42.
Rude, D. E.
, & Branham, M. T. (1994). Student-centered living cases for teaching management. Journal of Management Education, 18, 475-483.
43.
Sadler, D. R.
(1982). An evaluation of induction and hypothetico-deduction as principles in curriculum development: Some cognitive limitations and their implications. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 14, 43-51.
44.
Shils, E.
(1981). Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
45.
Swink, D. F.
(1993). Role play your way to learning. Training and Development, 47(5), 91-97.
46.
Van Eynde, D. F.
, & Spencer, R. W. (1988). Lecture versus experiential learning: Their differential effects on long-term memory. Organizational Behavior Teaching Review, 12(4), 52-58.
47.
Waters, J. A.
(1980). Managerial skill development. Academy of Management Review, 5, 449-453.
48.
Weick, K.
(1984). Small wins. American Psychologist, 39, 40-49.
49.
Weick, K.
(1995). Sensemaking in organizations. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
50.
Whetten, D. A.
, & Cameron, K. S. (1983). Management skill training: A needed addition to the management curriculum. Exchange: The Organizational Behavior Teaching Journal, 8(2), 10-15.
51.
Whetten, D. A.
, & Cameron, K. S. (1995). Developing management skills (3rd ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
52.
Whetten, D. A.
, Windes, D. L., May, D. R., & Bookstaver, D. (1991). Bringing management education into the mainstream. In John D. Bigelow (Ed.), Managerial skills: Explorations in practical knowledge (pp. 23-40). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
