Ergonomic challenges and musculoskeletal disorder among female CNC machine operators in the Indian manufacturing industry: An SDG-aligned approach

Abstract

Background

CNC machines expose working women to certain types of ergonomic hazards, and a gender-insensitive work environment may contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders that have long-term health outcomes. The scientific study focused on female CNC operators’ ergonomic problems in the Indian manufacturing sector is still insufficient.

Objective

The purpose of this research was to examine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their association with ergonomic risk factors affecting female CNC machine operators in the Indian manufacturing sector.

Methods

A structured questionnaire was used during a cross-sectional study to collect data from 300 participants, CNC machine operators, alongside quality analysts who worked in a mid-sized Indian manufacturing facility. The survey with a 5-point Likert scale evaluated personal factors, job tenure, postural strain, discomfort, and work settings to investigate their correlations. The statistical analysis with ANOVA in the SPSS system determined the relationship of discomfort factors

Results

The survey sample revealed, discomfort chiefly affected the lower back region (72%), shoulders (68%) and neck (61%). These discomforts were associated with awkward postures, sustained arm movements and prolonged standing. CNC machine female operators reported greater discomfort than their male counterparts with an 80.44% incidence rate.

Conclusions

CNC operating Female workers showed higher discomfort rates, indicating associations with potential long-term musculoskeletal risks rather than causal effects. The resolution of these concerns helps the Sustainable Development Goal progress through its creation of safer, more equitable and inclusive industrial workplaces for all employees.