Unveiling the key elements of effective preventive strategies: Insights into addressing work-related musculoskeletal disorders among physiotherapists

Abstract

Background

Physiotherapists play a critical role in managing musculoskeletal health, yet they remain highly vulnerable to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to the physical demands of their profession.

Objective

This study explores the awareness of strategies used in preventing WMSDs and their effectiveness, motivation, and barriers to preventing WMSDs among physiotherapists.

Methods

This qualitative study was administered among physiotherapists in Malaysia, where semi-structured interviews with a modified interview guide were used through an online platform. The interview was performed as an open conversation and follow-up questions to ensure the questions were answered in-depth.

Results

Participants were aware of a range of strategies used in preventing WMSDs and acknowledged the effectiveness of these strategies. The strategies are proper body mechanics (61.5%), exercise (23.1%), proper work ergonomics (15.4%), adequate staffing (15.4%), use of equipment (15.4%), and proper warm-up (7.7%). Clinics or hospitals well equipped with devices and equipment (53.8%), encouraging proper body mechanics and posture (46.2%), and education (30.8%) were the most common themes that motivated participants in preventive WMSDs. Several barriers to the engagement of these preventive strategies were also acknowledged, namely the availability of equipment, heavy workload, and inadequate staffing.

Conclusions

Malaysian physiotherapists recognize the importance of proper body mechanics, physical exercise, and education in preventing WMSDs. While they actively adopt strategies such as utilizing tools, promoting correct posture, and implementing preventive measures, challenges like equipment shortages, excessive workloads, and staffing issues remain significant barriers. Addressing such barriers is essential for effective and sustainable prevention strategies.