The cervical and mandibular regions are main areas of occurrence of pain in wind players.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe the design and to find out the level of satisfaction of a specific exercise programme for cervical and mandibular musculature and mobility in wind players.
Methods:
The programme was divided into two phases: the first one of education and the second one of implementation. The exercises included were divided into warm-up exercises (including cervical and jaw muscle mobility and activation, as well as postural awareness) and cool-down exercises (stretching and relaxing the main muscles in these areas). The programme was 12 weeks long. Participants were wind musician students.
Results:
Twenty-seven students completed the pre- and post-intervention assessment, of which 13 completed the exercises. Considering the total sample, the described difficulty was low and satisfaction was high. The musicians who performed the programme indicated a high importance in instrumental practice and injury prevention, as well as ease of implementation.
Conclusions:
Satisfaction with the exercise programme has been high. The fact that it is short, easy to perform and can be done by everyone makes it a quick and simple programme for everyone to do.
Rodríguez-GudeCTaboada-IglesiasYPino-JusteM. Musculoskeletal pain in musicians: prevalence and risk factors – a systematic review. Int J Occup Saf Ergon2023; 29: 883–901.
2.
BordoniBVaracalloM. Anatomy, head and neck, temporomandibular joint. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 [cited 2022 Sep 18]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538486/.
3.
GiannakopoulosNNHellmannDSchmitterM, et al.Neuromuscular interaction of jaw and neck muscles during jaw clenching. J Orofac Pain2013; 27: 61–71.
4.
GiannakopoulosNSchindlerHRammelsbergP, et al.Co-activation of jaw and neck muscles during submaximum clenching in the supine position. Arch Oral Biol2013; 58: 1751–1760.
5.
StrayerER. Musical instruments as an aid in the treatment of muscle defects and perversions. Angle Orthod1939; 9: 18–27.
6.
GłowackaAMatthews-KozaneckaMKawalaM,et al.The impact of the long-term playing of musical instruments on the stomatognathic system - review. Adv Clin Exp Med2014; 23: 143–146.
7.
KennyDTDriscollTAckermannBJ. Effects of aging on musical performance in professional orchestral musicians. Med Probl Perform Art2018; 33: 39–46.
8.
StanhopeJCookAPisanielloD,et al.Musculoskeletal symptoms in university music students: does major matter?Arch Environ Occup Health2022; 77: 674–683.
9.
StanhopeJWeinsteinP. Should musicians play in pain?Br J Pain2021; 15: 82–90.
10.
GuptillC. The lived experience of working as a musician with an injury. Work2011; 40: 269–280.
11.
KokLMVlielandTPMVFioccoM, et al.Musicians’ illness perceptions of musculoskeletal complaints. Clin Rheumatol2013; 32: 487–492.
12.
LeaverRHarrisECPalmerKT. Musculoskeletal pain in elite professional musicians from British symphony orchestras. Occup Med (Lond)2011; 61: 549–555.
13.
SousaCMMachadoJPGretenHJ,et al.Occupational diseases of professional orchestra musicians from northern Portugal: a descriptive study. Med Probl Perform Art2016; 31: 8–12.
14.
ViljamaaKLiiraJKaakkolaS,et al.Musculoskeletal symptoms among Finnish professional orchestra musicians. Med Probl Perform Art2017; 32: 195–200.
15.
SteinmetzASchefferIEsmerE, et al.Frequency, severity and predictors of playing-related musculoskeletal pain in professional orchestral musicians in Germany. Clin Rheumatol2015; 34: 965–973.
16.
Rodríguez-LozanoFJSáez-YugueroMRBermejo-FenollA. Orofacial problems in musicians: a review of the literature. Med Probl Perform Art2011; 26: 150–156.
17.
JangJYKwonJSLeeDH, et al.Clinical signs and subjective symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in instrumentalists. Yonsei Med J2016; 57: 1500–1507.
18.
YasudaEHondaKHasegawaY, et al.Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders among junior high school students who play wind instruments. Int J Occup Med Environ Health2016; 29: 69–76.
19.
YeoDKLPhamTPBakerJ,et al.Specific orofacial problems experienced by musicians. Aust Dent J2002; 47: 2–11.
20.
ChanCAckermannB. Evidence-informed physical therapy management of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders in musicians. Front Psychol2014; 5: 706.
21.
KokLMHaitjemaSGroenewegenKA,et al.The influence of a sudden increase in playing time on playing-related musculoskeletal complaints in high-level amateur musicians in a longitudinal cohort study. PLoS One2016; 11: e0163472.
22.
Abréu-RamosAMMicheoWF. Lifetime prevalence of upper-body musculoskeletal problems in a professional-level symphony orchestra: age, gender, and instrument-specific results. Med Probl Perform Art2007; 22: 97–104.
23.
AjidahunATMudziWMyezwaH,et al.A scoping review of exercise intervention for playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) among musicians. Muziki2019; 16: 7–30.
24.
BartonRFeinbergJ. Effectiveness of an educational program in health promotion and injury prevention for freshman music majors. Med Probl Perform Art2008; 23: 47–53.
25.
GinsborgJSpahnCWilliamonA. Health promotion in higher music education. In: MacdonaldRKreutzGMitchellL (eds) Music, health, and wellbeing. Online edn. Oxford: Oxford Academic, 2012, pp. 356–366.Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01137/full.
26.
MoonHJLeeYK. The relationship between dental occlusion/temporomandibular joint status and general body health: part 1. Dental occlusion and TMJ status exert an influence on general body health. J Altern Complement Med2011; 17: 995–1000.
27.
SouzaJAPasinatoFCorrêaECR,et al.Global body posture and plantar pressure distribution in individuals with and without temporomandibular disorder: a preliminary study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther2014; 37: 407–414.
28.
La ToucheRParís-AlemanyAvon PiekartzH, et al.The influence of cranio-cervical posture on maximal mouth opening and pressure pain threshold in patients with myofascial temporomandibular pain disorders. Clin J Pain2011; 27: 48–55.
29.
FradkinAJZazrynTRSmoligaJM. Effects of warming-up on physical performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res2010; 24: 140–148.
30.
CowperGGoodallSHicksK, et al.The impact of passive heat maintenance strategies between an active warm-up and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil2022; 14: 54.
31.
AliSRafiqMTul-HassanT,et al.Role of warm-up exercise in preventing hamstring injury in sprinters. Rawal Medical J2022; 47: 238–238.
32.
MateiRGinsborgJ. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, anxiety, and pain among musicians in the United Kingdom. Front Psychol [Internet]2020; 11: 560026.
33.
WolffALLingDICaseyEK, et al.Feasibility and impact of a musculoskeletal health for musicians (MHM) program for musician students: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Hand Ther2021; 34: 159–165.
34.
AyalaFSainz de BarandaPCejudoA. El entrenamiento de la flexibilidad: técnicas de estiramiento [Flexibility training: stretching techinques]. Rev Andal Med Deporte2012; 5: 105–112. Spanish.
35.
MansooriSSMoustafaIMAhbouchA,et al.Optimal duration of stretching exercise in patients with chronic myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med2021; 53: jrm00142.
36.
YlinenJKautiainenHWirénK,et al.Stretching exercises vs manual therapy in treatment of chronic neck pain: a randomized, controlled cross-over trial. J Rehabil Med2007; 39: 126–132.
37.
BeachTACFrostDMMcGillSM,et al.Physical fitness improvements and occupational low-back loading - an exercise intervention study with firefighters. Ergonomics2014; 57: 744–763.
38.
AguiarGRochaSRezendeG, et al.Effects of resistance training in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Fisioterapia em Movimento2016; 29: 589–596.
39.
LiX. Application of physical training in injury rehabilitation in table tennis athletes. Rev Bras Med Esporte2022; 28: 483–485.
40.
GobboSBulloVRomaE, et al.Effects of tailored resistance exercise training in a group of metalworkers with ergonomic or manual handlings loads prescription by the occupational physician: a pilot study. Muscles, Ligaments Tendons J2021; 11: 186–192.
41.
FovetTGuilhotCStevensL, et al.Early deconditioning of human skeletal muscles and the effects of a thigh cuff countermeasure. Int J Mol Sci2021; 22: 12064.
42.
RoosMRoyJS. Effect of a rehabilitation program on performance-related musculoskeletal disorders in student and professional orchestral musicians: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil2018; 32: 1656–1665.
43.
AjidahunATMyezwaHMudziW,et al.Barriers and facilitators in implementing an exercise-based injury prevention program for string players. Work2019; 64: 713–720.
44.
SeitzMWLevyJJMurphyBA. Examining college music Majors’ perceived barriers and motivation to exercise. Med Probl Perform Art2020; 35: 181–187.
45.
Al-EisaEAl-RushudAAlghadirA, et al.Effect of motivation by “Instagram” on adherence to physical activity among female college students. Biomed Res Int2016; 2016: 1546013.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
