The impact of work-related stress on the well-being of healthcare professionals caring for COVID-19 patients: A study of a Jordanian sample

Abstract

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated job pressure and risks for healthcare workers (HCWs), who have a significantly higher prevalence of COVID-19 than the general population. The study examines the work-related stressors encountered by healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients, focusing on potential variations based on personal and work-related variables.

Objective

This study investigated work-related stressors among healthcare professionals treating coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients, aiming to identify challenges and inform targeted support. The hypothesis posited that stress levels vary based on workload, extended hours, insufficient rest, discomfort from protective gear, burnout, and job dissatisfaction. Additionally, stress effects were expected to differ by sex, age, marital status, income, and education, with younger individuals, women, and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds experiencing higher rates of stress.

Methods

This study examined 198 Jordanian healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients across four government, semi-governmental, and private hospitals. The custom-designed instrument assessed demographics and work-related stressors. The measurement instrument and model showed high reliability and validity.

Results

The findings revealed that work-related stress and fatigue were rampant among participants, influenced by workload, extended working hours, insufficient rest time, and discomfort from protective gear. Burnout and job dissatisfaction were also reported, with a significant proportion contemplating leaving their jobs. Gender disparities were noted: males struggled with shift systems, while females faced difficulties accessing personal protective equipment and feared job loss. Younger individuals experienced higher stress and fatigue levels, whereas older groups reported significant stress and fatigue compared to middle-aged groups. Additionally, the marital status, education level, and income were linked to specific stress factors.

Conclusions

The findings confirm that healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients experience varying work-related stress levels due to workload, long hours, insufficient rest, protective gear discomfort, burnout, and job dissatisfaction. The findings, therefore, underscore the need for targeted support and interventions to address stress and safeguard their well-being during the pandemic.