Research in cognitive psychology, instructional technology, and human fac
tors applies to formatting complex instructions for equipment and
procedures. Formatting includes typographic cueing of prose paragraphs and
more graphic displays of text in flowcharts and structured writing. Format
can improve both comprehension and the reader's access to selected material.
While graphic displays may interfere with memorization, both typographic
cueing and graphic displays can improve performance time and accuracy.
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