Exploring Patient Experiences of Telehealth in Palliative Care: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Based on Mishel’s Uncertainty in Illness Theory

Abstract

Background

This study aims to conduct a systematic synthesis of qualitative research exploring patient experiences with telehealth in palliative care and to evaluate the implications of these experiences through the lens of Merle Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Theory.

Methods

Ten qualitative studies published between 2015 and 2025 were analyzed. The literature review was conducted using the SPIDER strategy, with quality assessment performed via the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Thematic analysis was carried out using MAXQDA software.

Results

The findings were synthesized into 3 meta-themes in accordance with Mishel's framework. Telehealth was found to facilitate access to information, save time and energy, and offer comfort and safety. However, uncertainty regarding technology use and emotional support needs were more pronounced in elderly and terminally ill patients.

Conclusion

While telehealth applications offer significant advantages in palliative care, individual and contextual factors must be considered. In line with Mishel’s theory, access to information and patient involvement are key elements in managing uncertainty.