BeauchampTLChildressJF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Chicago, IL: Oxford University Press; 2013.
2.
HinrichsARoseilleDA. Fast Facts and Concepts #343: Chronic Critical Illness in Adults. https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact-343. Accessed January 3, 2018.
3.
Although POLST is the best known out-of-hospital form to designate a patient’s code status, the legal status and names of such forms vary substantially state to state. http://polst.org/programs-in-your-state/. Accessed January 3, 2018.
4.
DeMartinoESDavidM.DudzinskiMD, JDCavanKDoyleJD, LLM. Who decides when a patient can’t? Statutes on alternate decision makers. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(15):1478–1482.
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, P. L. 101-508, sec. 4206 and 4751, 104 Stat. 1388, 1388-115, and 1388-204 (classified respectively at 42 U.S.C. 1395cc(f) (Medicare) and 1396a(w) (Medicaid) (1994))
7.
National Association of Social Workers. Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers. Revised 2017. Accessed February 1, 2017. http://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/code/code.asp.
8.
Laura SedigMD. What’s the role of autonomy in patient- and family-centered care when patients and family members don’t agree?AMA J Ethics. 2016;18(1):12–17. doi:10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.01.ecas2-1601.
9.
SchäferCPutnikKDietlBLeiberichPLoewTHKölblO. Medical decision-making of the patient in the context of the family: results of a survey. Support Care Cancer. 2006;14(9):952–959.
