Neuropathic pain is a common problem in clinical practice, affecting patients physically, emotionally, financially, and socially. Current treatment includes antidepressants, antiepileptics, and opioid analgesics. Bupropion is a specific inhibitor of neuronal noradrenaline reuptake and a weak inhibitor of dopamine reuptake, which shows some promise in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Stacey BRManagement of peripheral neuropathic pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil . 2005;84(3 suppl):S4-S16.
2.
Finnerup NBA review of central neuropathic pain states. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol . 2008;21(5):586-589.
3.
Sindrup SH, Otto M., Finnerup NB, Jensen TSAntidepressants in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005;96(6):399-409.
4.
Maizels M., McCarberg B.Antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs for chronic non-cancer pain. Am Fam Physician. 2005;71(3): 483-490.
5.
Tölle T. , Dukes E., Sadosky A.Patient burden of trigeminal neuralgia: results from a cross-sectional survey of health state impairment and treatment patterns in sixEuropean countries. Pain Pract. 2006 ;6(3):153-160.
6.
Matsuzawa-Yanagida K., Narita M., Nakajima M., et al. Usefulness of antidepressants for improving the neuropathic pain-like state and pain-induced anxiety through actions at different brain sites. Neuropsychopharmacology . 2008;33(8):1952-1965.
7.
Xu H., Wu LJ, Wang H., et al. Presynaptic and postsynaptic amplifications of neuropathic pain in the anterior cingulate cortex. J Neurosci. 2008;28(29):7445-7453.
8.
Aurilio C., Pota V., Pace MC, Passavanti MB, Barbarisi M.Ionic channels and neuropathic pain: physiopathology and applications. J Cell Physiol. 2008;215(1):8-14.
9.
Backonja MM, Irving G., Argoff C.Rational multidrug therapy in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2006;10(1):34-38.
10.
New PW, Lim TC, Hill ST, Brown DJA survey of pain during rehabilitation after acute spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 1997; 35(10):658-663.
11.
Linley JE, Rose K., Patil M., Robertson B., Akopian AN, Gamper N.Inhibition of Mcurrent in sensory neurons by exogenous proteases: a signaling pathway mediating inflammatory nociception. J Neurosci. 2008;28(44):11240-11249.
12.
Muth-Selbach US, Tegeder I., Brune K., Geisslinger G.Acetaminophen inhibits spinal prostaglandin E2 release after peripheral noxious stimulation. Anesthesiology . 1999;91(1):231-239.
13.
Moulin DE, Clark AJ, Gilron I., et al, Canadian Pain Society. Pharmacological management of chronic neuropathic pain - consensus statement and guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society. Pain Res Manag. 2007;12(1):13-21.
14.
Dobecki DA, Schocket SM, Wallace MSUpdate on pharmacotherapy guidelines for the treatment of neuropathic pain . Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2006;10(3):185-190.
15.
Vrethem M., Boivie J., Arnqvist H., Holmgren H., Lindström T., Thorell LHA comparison a amitriptyline and maprotiline in the treatment of painful polyneuropathy in diabetics and nondiabetics. Clin J Pain. 1997;13(4):313-323.
16.
Jones KL, Finn DP, Governo RJ, et al. Identification of discrete sites of action of chronic treatment with desipramine in a model of neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology.2009;56(2):405-413.
17.
Sindrup SH, Gram LF, Skjold T., Grodum E., Brøsen K., Beck-Nielsen H.Clomipramine vs desipramine vs placebo in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy symptoms. A double-blind cross-over study. Br J Clin Pharmacol . 1990;30(5):683-691.
18.
Rowbotham MC , Goli V., Kunz NR, Lei D.Venlafaxine extended release in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pain. 2004;110(3):697-706.
19.
Fishbain D. , Berman K., Kajdasz DKDuloxetine for neuropathic pain based on recent clinical trials. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2006 ;10(3):199-204.
20.
Sindrup SH, Gram LF, Brøsen K., Eshøj O., Mogensen EFThe selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine is effective in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy symptoms. Pain. 1990;42(2): 135-144.
21.
Sindrup SH, Bjerre U., Dejgaard A., Brøsen K., Aaes-Jørgensen T., Gram LFThe selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram relieves the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992;52(5):547-552.
22.
Max MB, Culnane M., Schafer SC, et al. Amitriptyline relieves diabetic neuropathy pain in patients with normal or depressed mood. Neurology. 1987;37(4):589-596.
23.
Max MB, Schafer SC, Culnane M., Smoller B., Dubner R., Gracely RHAmitriptyline, but not lorazepam, relieves postherpetic neuralgia. Neurology. 1988;38(9):1427-1432.
24.
Ray WA, Meredith S., Thapa PB, Hall K., Murray KTCyclic antidepressants and the risk of sudden cardiac death. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2004;75(3):234-241.
25.
Finnerup NB , Otto M., McQuay HJ, Jensen TS, Sindrup SHAlgorithm for neuropathic pain treatment: an evidence based proposal. Pain. 2005;118(3):289-305.
26.
Wernicke JF , Pritchett YL, D’Souza DN, et al. A randomized controlled trial of duloxetine in diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Neurology. 2006;67(8):1411-1420.
27.
Smith T., Nicholson RAReview of duloxetine in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2007;3(6):833-844.
28.
Otto M., Bach FW, Jensen TS, Brøsen K., Sindrup SHEscitalopram in painful polyneuropathy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Pain. 2008;139(2):275-283.
29.
Ross ELThe evolving role of antiepileptic drugs in treating neuropathic pain. Neurology. 2000;55(5 suppl 1):S41-S46.
30.
Sills GJThe mechanisms of action of gabapentin and pregabalin. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006;6(1):108-113.
31.
Hayashida K. , Eisenach JCMultiplicative interactions to enhance gabapentin to treat neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008; 598(1-3):21-26.
32.
Freynhagen R. , Strojek K., Griesing T., Whalen E., Balkenohl M.Efficacy of pregabalin in neuropathic pain evaluated in a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial of flexible- and fixed-dose regimens. Pain. 2005;115(3):254-263.
33.
Arezzo JC, Rosenstock J., Lamoreaux L., Pauer L.Efficacy and safety of pregabalin 600 mg/d for treating painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. BMC Neurol . 2008;8(8):33.
34.
Gilron I., Bailey JM, Tu D., Holden RR, Weaver DF, Houlden RLMorphine, gabapentin, or their combination for neuropathic pain. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(13):1324-1334.
35.
Eisenberg E., McNicol ED, Carr DBEfficacy of mu-opioid agonists in the treatment of evoked neuropathic pain: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Pain . 2006;10(8): 667-676.
36.
Berrios I., Castro C., Kuffler DPMorphine: axon regeneration, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity, tolerance, and neuropathic pain. P R Health Sci J. 2008;27(2):119-128.
37.
Mannino R., Coyne P., Swainey C., Hansen LA, Lyckholm L.Methadone for cancer-related neuropathic pain: a review of the literature . J Opioid Manag. 2006;2(5):269-276.
Dhillon S., Yang LP, Curran MPBupropion: a review of its use in the management of major depressive disorder . Drugs. 2008;68(5): 653-689.
40.
Jefferson JWBupropion extended-release for depressive disorders . Expert Rev of Neurotherapeutics. 2008;8(5):715-22.
41.
Katz J., Pennella-Vaughan J., Hetzel RD, Kanazi GE, Dworkin RHA randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bupropion sustained release in chronic low back pain. J Pain. 2005;6(10):656-661.
42.
Semenchuk MR , Davis B.Efficacy of sustained-release bupropion in neuropathic pain: an open-label study. Clin J Pain. 2000;16(1):6-11.
43.
Semenchuk MR , Sherman S., Davis B.Double-blind, randomized trial of bupropion SR for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Neurology. 2001;57(9):1583-1588.
