Lipman AG: Clinically relevant differences among the opioid analgesics. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. 1990; 47(58): S7-S13.
2.
Ross FB, Smith MT: The intrinsic anti-nociceptive effects of oxycodone appear to be kappa opioid receptor mediated. Pain. 1997; 73: 151-157.
3.
Ross FB, Wallis SC, Smith MT: Co-administration of sub-antinociceptive doses of oxycodone and morphine produces marked antinociceptive synergy with reduced CNS side-effects in rats. Pain. 2000; 84: 421-428.
4.
Coyle N, Adelhardt J, Foley KM, Portenoy RK: Character of terminal illness in the advanced cancer patient: pain and other symptoms during the last four weeks of life. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1990; 5(2): 83-93.
5.
Faisinger R, Bruera E, et al.: Symptom control during the last week of life on a palliative care unit. Journal of Palliative Care. 1991; 7(1): 5-11.
6.
US Department of Health and Human Services. Management of Cancer Pain, Number 9. AHCPR Publication No. 94-0592, March 1994.
7.
Mercadante S: Costs Are a Further Barrier to Cancer Pain Management. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1999;
8.
Portenoy RK, Lesage P: Management of Cancer Pain. Lancet. 1999; 353: 1695-1700.
9.
Heiskanen T, Kalso E: Controlled-release oxycodone and morphine in cancer related pain. Pain. 1997; 73(1): 37-45.
Simmonds MA: Management of breakthrough pain due to cancer. Oncology. 1999; 13(8): 1103-1108.
12.
Fine PG, Busch MA: Characterization of breakthrough pain by hospice patients and their caregivers. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1998; 16(3): 179-183.
13.
Portenoy RK, Hagen NA: op. cit.
14.
Patt RB, Ellison NM: Breakthrough pain in cancer patients: Characteristics, prevalence and treatment. Oncology. 1998; 12(7): 1035-1046.
15.
Cherny N, Portenoy RK: Cancer pain management. Cancer. 1993; 72: 3393-3415.
16.
Glare PA, Walsh TD: Dose-ranging study of oxycodone for chronic pain in advanced cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1993; 11(5): 973-978.
17.
Patt RB: op. cit.
18.
Simmonds MA: op. cit.
19.
Portenoy RK: Analgesic Ladder for the Management of Cancer Pain. New York: The McMahon Group, 1995.
20.
World Health Organization. Cancer Pain Relief. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1986.
21.
Cherny NI: Opioid Analgesics: Comparative features and prescribing Guidelines. Drugs. 1996; 51(5): 713-737.
22.
Twycross R, Wilcock A, Thorp S: Palliative Care Formulary. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, 1998.
23.
Ripamonti C, Groff L, Brunelli C, et al.: Switching from morphine to oral methadone in treating cancer pain: What is the equianalgesic dose ratio?Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1998; 16(10): 3216-3221.
24.
Zhukovsky DS, Walsh D, Doona M: The relative potency between high dose oral oxycodone and intravenous morphine: A case illustration. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 1999; 18: 53-55.