Cultural influences might exert more influence on HIV-positive women's reproductive choices than HIV-related conditions. In this article we report on grounded theory research on how women with HIV made reproductive decisions during a time of transition from HIV as potentially fatal to mothers and newborns to its current status as an often controllable chronic illness. Eighty HIV-positive women of childbearing age in three United States cities were interviewed, and the interviews were analyzed using grounded theory techniques. The core concept of the findings was that women's decisions were based on their judgment of the relative weight of positive aspects of motherhood versus the often negative pressures of social and public opinion. These findings have relevance for future research as well as for program development and policy.
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