Mesenchymal cells are continually stimulated by a wide spectrum of biological mediators. These mediators bind to receptors on the cell surface and initiate a cascade of signaling events. The initial signal transduction pathways known to be stimulated in mesenchymal cells include phospholipase C, phospholipase D, phospholipase A2, adenylate cyclase, receptor tyrosine kinases, and receptor serine/threonine kinases. These pathways are reviewed and specific applications for therapeutic intervention in wound healing and regenerative therapy in the periodontium are discussed.
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