A nonlinear optical method is used to study the mechanism of ER fluids. The fluid used in this study is diatomite dispersed in transformer oil. Because of the non-homogeneity of the ER fluid, second harmonic generation (SHG) powder technique is employed. Electric field induced SHG signal of the fluid has been found and the response time of the fluid has been measured. Two kinds of polarization are deduced to contribute to the ER effect of the sample at different periods. A two-stage process of ER effect is adapted to explain the experiment results.
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