The purpose of this work is to propose a methodology for characterizing the dynamic mechanical properties of thin fibers of hydrogel. Analytical solutions of mo tion equations of charged gels, based on a continuum model, whose internal consistency is demonstrated, are compared with experimental results in two paradigms: free-swelling and stress-relaxation. In addition we present a new method to estimate the gel shear and bulk moduli and its hydraulic permeability.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Biot, M.A.1956. "Theory of Propagation of Elastic Waves in a Fluid Saturated Porous Solid: I. Low-Frequency Range", J. Acoustical Soc Am. , 28. 168-178.
2.
Burchard, W. and S.B. Ross Murphy .1980. Physical Networks: Polymers and Gels. London, UK: Elsevier Applied Science.
3.
Chandler, R.N. and D.L. Johnson1981. "The Equivalence of Quasistatic Flow in Fluid-Saturated Porous Media Biot's Slow Wave in the Limit of Zero Frequency", J. Appl. Phys. , 52( 5):3391-3395.
4.
Chiarelli, P. and D. De Rossi. 1988. "Determination of Mechanical Parameters Related to the Kinetics of Swelling in an Electrically Activated Contractile Gel", Progr. Colloid Polymer Sci. , 78.4-8.
5.
De Rossi, D., K. Kagjiwara , Y. Osada and A. Yamauchi, eds. 1991. Polymers Gels: Fundamental and Biomedical Application. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
6.
Eisenberg, S.R.1983. "Non Equilibrium Electromechanical Interactions in Cartilage: Swelling and Electrokinetics", Sc.D. thesis, Dep. Elec. Eng. Comp. Science, MIT, pp. 76-225.
7.
Eisenberg, S.R. and A.J. Grodzinsky .1987. "The Kinetics of Chemically Induced Non Equilibrium Swelling of Articular Cartilage and Corneal Stroma ", J. of Biomechanical Engineering, 109:79-89.
Itoh, Y., T. Matsumura, S. Umemoto, N. Okui and T. Sakai1987. "Contraction/Elongation Mechanism of Acrylonitrile Gel Fibers", Polymer Preprints-Japan (English Edition), 36(5- 10):E184-E186 .
10.
Johnson, D.L.1982. "Elastodynamics of Gels", J. Chem. Phys. , 77 1531-1539
11.
Katchalsky, A. and P.F. Curran. 1974. Non Equilibrium Thermodynamics in Biophysics . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
12.
Katchalsky, A., S. Lifson, I. Michaeli and M. Zwick1960. Size and Shape Changes of Contractile Polymers . New York, NYPergamon Press.
13.
Li, Y. and T.J. Tanaka. 1990. "Kinetics of Swelling and Shrinking of Gels", Chem. Phys. , 92:1365-1371.
14.
Mow, V.C. and W.M. Lai. 1980. "Recent Developments in Synovial Joint Biomechanics", SIAM Rev., 22 :275-317.
15.
Osada, Y.1987 "Conversion of Chemical into Mechanical Energy by Synthetic Polymers (Chemomechanical System", Adv. Polym. Sci. , 87.1-46
16.
Peters, A. and S.J. Candau. 1988. "Kinetics of Swelling of Spherical and Cylindrical Gels", Macromolecules, 21:2278-2282.
17.
Rice, J.R. and M.P. Cleary. 1976. "Some Basic Stress-Diffusion Solutions for Fluid Saturated Elastic Porous Media with Compressible Constituents", Rev. Geophs. Space Phys. , 14227-241
18.
Tanaka, T. and D.J. Fillmore. 1979. "Ktnetics of Swelling of Gels", J. Chem. Phys. , 70:1214-1218.
19.
Tanaka, T., L.O. Hocker and G.B. Benedek. 1973. "Spectrum of Light Scattered from a Viscoelastic Gel", J. Chem. Phys. , 59:5151-5159.
20.
Umemoto, S., N. Okui and T. Sakai.1991. "Contraction Behavior of Poly(acrylonitrile) Gel Fibers ", in Polymers Gels: Fundamental and Biomedical Application , D. De Rossi et al., eds., New York, NY: Plenum Press, pp. 257-270