Shape memory alloys are attractive engineering materials due to their potential application as actuators using the ability to memorize shapes through a thermomechanical loading. This article develops a numerical investigation of different shape memory alloy actuator configurations considering bias and antagonistic arrangements. Numerical simulations are carried out using the finite element method together with a constitutive model for shape memory alloys. Parametric analysis is carried out evaluating the performance of each actuator configuration based on stress and strain. Basically, four representative configurations of general actuators are treated: shape memory alloy wire, linear spring connected to a shape memory alloy wire, two elastic springs connected by a shape memory alloy wire, and two shape memory alloy wires connected by a spring.
AndreasenGFHillemanTB (1971) An evaluation of 55 cobalt substituted nitinol wire for use in orthodontics. Journal of the American Dental Association82: 1373–1375.
2.
Baêta-NevesAPSaviMAPachecoPMCL (2004) On the Fremond’s constitutive model for shape memory alloys. Mechanics Research Communications31(6): 677–688.
3.
BandeiraELSaviMAMonteiroPCCJr. (2006) Finite element analysis of shape memory alloy adaptive trusses with geometrical nonlinearities. Archive of Applied Mechanics76(3–4): 133–144.
4.
BhuniyaAKChattopadhyayPPDattaS. (2005) On the degradation of shape memory effect in trace Ti-added Cu-Zn-Al alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A393: 125–132.
5.
ChoudharyNKaurD (2016) Shape memory alloy thin films and heterostructures for MEMS applications: a review. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical242: 162–181.
6.
CingolaniEVan HumbeeckJAhlersM (1999) Stabilization and two-way shape memory effect in Cu-Al-Ni single crystals. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A30(3): 493–499.
7.
CraggALundGRysavyJ. (1983) Nonsurgical placement of arterial endoprostheses: a new technique using nitinol wire. Radiology147: 261–263.
8.
DesrochesRDelemontM (2002) Seismic retrofit of simply supported bridges using shape memory alloys. Engineering Structures24(3): 325–332.
9.
DongYBomingZJunL (2008) A changeable aerofoil actuated by shape memory alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A485: 243–250.
10.
HoxholdBBüttgenbachS (2008) Batch fabrication of micro grippers with integrated actuators. Microsystem Technologies14: 1917–1924.
11.
HuangWLiuQHeL. (2004) Micro NiTi–Si cantilever with three stable positions. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical114(1): 118–122.
12.
JansenSBreidertJWelpEG (2004) Positioning actuator based on shape memory wires. In: ACTUATOR 2004: proceedings of the 9th international conference on new actuators, Bremen, 14–16 June.
13.
KikuakiTShigenoriKSatoY (1986) Thermomechanics of transformation pseudoelasticity and shape memory effect in alloys. International Journal of Plasticity2(1): 59–62.
14.
KohlMKrevetBJustE (2002) SMA microgripper system. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical97–98: 646–652.
MonteiroPCCJrSaviMANettoTA. (2009) A phenomenological description of the thermomechanical coupling and the rate-dependent behavior of shape memory alloys. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures20: 1675–1687.
17.
MonteiroPCCSilvaLLNettoTASavi. (2013) Experimental investigation of the influence of the heating rate in an SMA actuator performance. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical199: 254–259.
18.
MoriyaYHKimuraSIshizakiS. (1991) Properties of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn-Si(Co) shape memory alloys. Journal De Physique IV1: C4-433–C4-437.
19.
NespoliABesseghiniSPittaccioS. (2010) The high potential of shape memory alloys in developing miniature mechanical devices: a review on shape memory alloy mini-actuators. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical158: 149–160.
20.
OrtizMPinskyPMTaylorRL (1983) Operator split methods for the numerical solution of the elastoplastic dynamic problem. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering Eng39: 137–157.
21.
PaikJKWoodRJ (2012) A bidirectional shape memory alloy folding actuator. Smart Materials and Structures21(6): 065013–065021.
22.
PaivaASaviMABragaAMB. (2005) A constitutive model for shape memory alloys considering tensile-compressive asymmetry and plasticity. International Journal of Solids and Structures42(11–12): 3439–3457.
23.
SatoAChishimaESomaK. (1982) Shape memory effect in transformation in Fe-30Mn-1Si alloy single crystals. Acta Metallurgica30(6): 1177–1183.
24.
SaviMAPaivaA (2005) Describing internal subloops due to incomplete phase transformations in shape memory alloys. Archive of Applied Mechanics74(9): 637–647.
25.
SaviMAPaivaABaêta-NevesAP. (2002) Phenomenological modeling and numerical simulation of shape memory alloys: a thermo-plastic-phase transformation coupled model. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures13(5): 261–273.
26.
SoflaYNElzeyDMWadleyHNG (2008) Two-way antagonistic shape actuation based on the one-way shape memory effect. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures24: 1017–1027.
27.
SpaggiariAScirè MammanoGDragoniE (2012) Optimum mechanical design of binary actuators based on shape memory alloys. In: BerselliGVertechyRVassuraG (eds) Smart Actuation and Sensing Systems—Recent Advances and Future Challenges. Rijeka: InTech. 3–34.
28.
StrelecJKLagoudasDC (2002) Fabrication and testing of a shape memory alloy actuated reconfigurable wing. In: Proceedings of SPIE—the international society for optical engineering (vol. 4701), San Diego, CA, 17 March, pp. 267–280. Bellingham, WA: SPIE.
29.
StrittmatterJGümpelP (2004) Shape memory actuator for hydraulic valve. In: ACTUATOR 2004: proceedings of the 9th international conference on new actuators, Bremen, 14–16 June.
30.
WildeKGardoniPFujinoY (2000) Base isolation system with shape memory alloy device for elevated highway bridges. Engineering Structures23(3): 222–229.
31.
ZhangJJYinYH (2012) SMA-based bionic integration design of self-sensor actuator-structure for artificial skeletal muscle. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical181: 94–102.
