Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Conventional energy harvester typically consists of a piezoelectric element, which is sandwiched between a proof mass and a base subjected to sinusoidal excitation. The resulting relative motion between the proof mass and the base produces a mechanical strain in the piezoelectric element, which is converted into electrical power by virtue of the direct piezoelectric effect. In this study, harvester is provided with a dynamic magnifier consisting of a spring-mass system which is placed between the piezoelectric element and the moving base. The main function of the dynamic magnifier, as the name implies, is to magnify the strain experienced by the piezo-element in order to amplify the electrical power output of the harvester. With proper selection of the design parameters of the magnifier, the harvested power can be dramatically enhanced and the effective bandwidth of the harvester can be improved. The theory governing the operation of this class of energy harvesters with dynamic magnifier (EHDM) is developed using the Lagrangian dynamics approach. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance characteristics of the EHDM in comparison with the conventional energy harvesters. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the EHDM as a simple and effective means for enhancing the magnitude and spectral characteristics of conventional harvesters.

Keywords

energy harvesting piezoelectric harvesters dynamic magnifier.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Adhikari, S. , Friswell, M.I. and Inman, D.J. 2009. ‘‘Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from Broadband Random Vibrations,’’ Smart Materials and Structures , 18:115005.

Aldraihem, O. and Baz, A. 2010. ‘‘Energy Harvester with Dynamic Magnifier,’’ U.S. Patent Application.

Ansi / Ieee. 1987. Standard on Piezoelectricity, ANSI/IEEE STD: 176-1987 , IEEE, New York.

Anton, S.R. and Sodano, H.A. 2007. ‘‘A Review of Power Harvesting using Piezoelectric Materials (2003-2006)’’, Smart Materials and Structures , 16:R1-R23.

Badel, A. , Guyomar, D. , Lefeuvre, E. and Richard, C. 2006. ‘‘Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting using a Synchronized Switch Technique,’’ Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 17:831-839.

Chen, Y.-C. , Wu, S. and Chen, P.-C. 2004. ‘‘The Impedance-Matching Design and Simulation on High Power Electro-Acoustical Transducer,’’ Sensors and Actuators: A, 115:38-45.

Cornwell, P.J. , Goethal, J. , Kowko, J. and Damianakis, M. 2005. ‘‘Enhancing Power Harvesting using a Tuned Auxiliary Structure,’’ Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 16:825-834.

Daqaq, M.F. , Renno, J.M. , Farmer, J.R. and Inman, D.J. 2007. ‘‘Effects of System Parameters and Damping on an Optimal Vibration-Based Energy Harvester,’’ In: Proceedings of the 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 23-26 April, Honolulu , USA, AIAA-2007-2361, pp. 1-11.

duToit, N. 2005. ‘‘Modeling and Design of a MEMS Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester,’’ Master’s Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.

10.

duToit, N. , Wardle, B. and Kim, S.-G. 2006. ‘‘Design Considerations for MEMS-Scale Piezoelectric Mechanical Vibration Energy Harvesters,’’ Integrated Ferroelectrics, 71:121-160.

11.

Erturk, A. , Renno, J.M. and Inman, D.J. 2009. ‘‘Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from an L-shaped Beam-mass Structure with an Application to UAVs,’’ Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures , 20:529-544.

12.

Kong, N.A. , Ha, D.S. , Etrurk, A. and Inman, D.J. 2010. ‘‘Resistive Impedance Matching Circuit for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting,’’ Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 21:1293-1302.

13.

Lee, S. , Youn, B.D. and Jung, B.C. 2009. ‘‘Robust Segment-Type Energy Harvester and its Application to a Wireless Sensor,’’ Smart Materials and Structures, 18:095021.

14.

LeFeuvre, E. , Badel, A. , Richard, C. and Guyomar, D. 2007. ‘‘Energy Harvesting using Piezoelectric Materails: Case of Random Vibrations,’’ Journal of Electroceramics , 19:349-355.

15.

Liang, J. and Liao, W.-H. 2010. ‘‘Impedance Matching for Improving Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems,’’ In: Ghassemi-Nejhad, M.N. (ed.), Proceedings of Active and Passive Smart Structures and Intelligent Systems, SPIE Vol. 7643, pp. K-1-K-12, San Diego, CA.

16.

Ma, P.S. , Kim, J.E. and Kim, Y.Y. 2010. ‘‘Power-Amplifying Strategy in Vibration-Powered Energy Harvesters’’, In: Ghassemi-Nejhad M.N. (ed.), Proceedings of Active and Passive Smart Structures and Intelligent Systems, SPIE Vol. 7643, 7-11 March, San Diego, CA.

17.

Moehlis, J. , DeMartini, B.E. , Rogers, J.L. and Turner, K.L. 2009. ‘‘Exploiting Nonlinearity to Provide Broadband Energy Harvesting’’, In: Proceedings of the ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference, DSCC2009, Paper # DSCC2009-2542, 12-14 October, Hollywood, California, USA.

18.

Ouled Chtiba, M. , Choura, S. , Nayfeh, A.H. and El-Borgi, S. 2010. ‘‘Vibration Confinement and Energy Harvesting in Flexible Structures using Collocated Absorbers and Piezoelectric Devices,’’ Journal of Sound and Vibration, 329:261-276.

19.

Priya, S. and Inman, D.J. (eds) 2009. Energy Harvesting Technologies , Springer, New York.

20.

Rastegar, J. , Pereira, C. and Nguyen, H.-L. 2006. ‘‘Piezoelectric-based Power Sources for Harvesting Energy from Platforms with Low frequency Vibration,’’ In: White, E. V. (ed.), Smart Structures and Materials 2006: Industrial and Commercial Applications of Smart Structures Technologies, SPIE 6171. pp. 617101, San Diego, CA.

21.

Renno, J.M. , Daqaq, M.F. and Inman, D.J. 2009. ‘‘On the Optimal Energy Harvesting from a Vibration Source,’’ Journal of Sound and Vibration , 320:386-405.

22.

Roundy, S. 2005. ‘‘On the Effectiveness of Vibration-based Energy Harvesting,’’ Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 16:809-823.

23.

Stephen, N.G. 2006. ‘‘On the Maximum Power Transfer Theorem within Electromechanical Systems,’’ Proceedings of the IMECH, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 220:1261-1267.

24.

Wu, W.-J. , Chen, Y.-Y. , Lee, B.-S. , He, J.-J. and Pen, Y.-T. 2006. ‘‘Tunable Resonant Frequency Power Harvesting Devices,’’ In: Clark, W., Ahmadian, M. and Lumsdaine, A. (eds.), Proceedings of Smart Structures and Materials: Damping and Isolation, Vol. 6169, 26 February-2 March, San Diego, CA , pp. 61690A1-8.

25.

Xue, H. , Hu, Y. and Wang, Q.-M. 2008. ‘‘Broadband Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices Using Multiple Bimorphs with Different Operating Frequencies, ’’ IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 55:2104-2108.

26.

Xu, J.W. , Shao, W.W. , Kong, F.R. and Feng, Z.H. 2010. ‘‘Right-Angle Piezoelectric Cantilever with Improved Energy Harvesting Efficiency,’’ Applied Physics Letters, 96:152904.

27.

Yang, Z. and Yang, J. 2009. ‘‘Connected Vibrating Piezoelectric Bimorph Beams as a Wide-Band Piezoelectric Power Harvester,’’ Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures , 20:569-574.

Energy Harvester with a Dynamic Magnifier

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References