A micro-electro-mechanical model of the behavior of piezoelectric ceramics including thermal, rate, and self-heating effects is presented and simulations are compared to experimental data. The rate dependent model is an extension of an earlier rate independent model. Results include analytical and numerical investigations of the behavior of piezoelectric ceramics. The model is based on physical mechanisms and includes elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric anisotropy. Moreover, the model is based on an internal energy approach so that work-energy relations may be directly applied. Special consideration of potential physical mechanisms responsible for material behavior in the largely unexplored intermediate rate regime (50-1000 Hz) at high fields is given. Results from the model give insight into material behavior.
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