The Caseworker's Expectations and Client Motivation

Greenwood Ernest , “Attributes of a Profession,” Social Work, Vol. II, July 1957, p. 48.

Ripple Lilian , Motivation, Capacity, and Opportunity: Studies in Casework Theory and Practice, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1964, pp. 199–203.

Perlman Helen Harris , Social Casework: A Problem-solving Process, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1957, p. 67.

Newcomb Theodore M. , Social Psychology, Dryden Press, New York, 1950, p. 280.

Sargent Stansfeld , “Concepts of Role and Ego in Contemporary Psychology,” in Social Psychology at the Crossroads, Rohrer John H. , and Sherif Muzafer (eds.), Harper & Brothers, New York, 1951, p. 360.

Examples may be found in Greenblatt Milton , Levinson Daniel J. , and Williams Richard H. (eds.), The Patient and the Mental Hospital, Free Press, Glencoe, Illinois, 1957. See in particular John Cumming and Elaine Cumming, “Social Equilibrium and Social Change in a Large Mental Hospital,” pp. 49–72, and Morris S. Schwartz, “What is a Therapeutic Milieu?” pp. 130–44.

Erikson Erik H. , Identity and the Life Cycle (Psychological Issues, Vol. I, No. 1, Monograph 1), International Universities Press, New York, 1959, p. 113.

Erikson Erik H. , Identity and the Life Cycle (Psychological Issues, Vol. I, No. 1, Monograph 1), International Universities Press, New York, 1959, pp. 163–64.

Drucker Peter F. , The Practice of Management, Harper & Brothers, New York, 1954, p. 304.

Soyer David , “The Right To Fail,” Social Work, Vol. VIII, July 1963, pp. 72–78.

Heine Ralph W. , and Trosman Harry , “Initial Expectations of the Doctor-Patient Interaction as a Factor in Continuance in Psychotherapy,” Psychiatry, Vol. XXIII, August 1960, p. 277.

For a fuller development of the means of conveying expectations, see Oxley G. M. , and Oxley G. B. , “Expectations of Excellence,” California Management Review, Vol. VI, Fall 1963, pp. 13–16.

Gross Neal , Mason Ward S. , McEachern Alexander W. , Explorations in Role Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1958. This very extensive research project on role expectations was carried out at Harvard to ascertain how school superintendents resolved their role conflicts when different expectations were placed upon them simultaneously by three different groups: the school boards, the schoolteachers, and the superintendents' professional association. The research was undertaken through a series of extensive interviews (8 to 10 hours) with 102 Massachusetts school superintendents and long interviews (1 to 3 hours) with 508 school board members. See in particular Chapter 17, pp. 281–318.

Benedict Ruth , “Continuities and Discontinuities in Cultural Conditioning,” Psychiatry, Vol. I, May 1938, p. 162.