The changing nature of public and private management calls into question the role of managers in transmitting values to assist in guiding the actions of organizational members. Recently, in policing there has been a major value reorientation from traditional approaches to crime control and suppression, to community policing a philosophy that emphasizes greater police and citizen contact. This paper reports the findings from two qualitative analyses of value clarification and transmission, one in a large, metropolitan police department, and the other in a smaller police agency. Whereas past research has suggested that organization size greatly affects the value formation and communication process within such agencies, this paper identifies the similarities between these two agencies as the seek to re-shape values and to influence police officer and police organization behavior.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AlpertG. (1985). The American System of Criminal Justice. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
2.
AlpertG.DunhamR. (1988). Policing Urban America. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
3.
AlpertG.DunhamR. (1988b). Policing Multi Ethnic Neighborhoods. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
4.
BlackD. (1980). The Manners and Customs of the Police. New York: Academic Press.
5.
BittnerE. (1967). “The Police on Skid Row: A Study of Peacekeeping”, American Sociological Review. 32 (October): 699–715.
6.
BrooksL. (1989) “Police Discretionary Behavior: A Study in Style”. In DunhamR.AlpertG. (eds.). Critical Issues in Policing. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, pp. 121–145.
7.
BrownM. (1981). Working the Street. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
8.
BrownS.VogelR. (1983) “Police Professionalism”, Journal of Crime and Justice. 6:17–37.
9.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (1989). Profile of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies. 1987. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
10.
CordnerG. (1989). “Police Agency Size and Investigative Effectiveness”, Journal of Criminal Justice17: 145–156.
11.
CrankJ. (1989). “Civilianization in Small and Medium Police Departments in Illinois, 1973–1986”Journal of Criminal Justice17: 167–177.
12.
CroninK. (1977). “Supervision in a Small Town Department”, Police Law Quarterly. 6:31–35.
13.
DavissB. (1983). “From Urban Sprawl to Country Drawl Big City Cops Seek Satisfaction as Small Town Chiefs”, Police Magazine. 6: 50–56.
14.
DomonoskeC. (1978). “Administration of Small Municipal Police”, Police Chief. 45: 62–67.
15.
Department of Justice. (1988). Uniform Crime Report. Washington, DC: USGPO.
16.
EckJ.SpelmanW.HillD.StephansD.StedmanJ.MurphyG. (1988) Problem Solving: Problem Oriented Policing in Newport News. Washington, DC: Police Executive Research Forum.
17.
EtzioniA. (1975). A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations. Rev. Ed.New York: Free Press.
18.
GoldsteinH. (1990). Problem Oriented Policing. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company.
19.
GoldsteinH. (1987). “Toward Community Oriented Policing: Potential, Basic Requirements, and Threshold Questions”, Crime and Delinquency, 33: 6–30.
20.
GouldnerA. W. (1954). Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
21.
GreeneJ.R. (1990a). “Assist Officer: The Role of the Consultant in Affecting Change in a Big City Police Department”, Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Denver, CO, March.
22.
GreeneJ.R. (1990b) “Community Policing and Cultural Change in Law Enforcement: Prospects and Challenges”, Paper prepared for the Southwestern Legal Foundation, Law Enforcement Institute, Advanced Management College, Richardson, TX, November, 1990.
23.
GreeneJ.R.MastrofskiS.D. (eds.) (1988). Community Policing: Rhetoric or Reality. New York: Praeger.
24.
GreeneJ.R.DeckerS. (1989). “Police and Community Perceptions of the Community Role in Policing: The Philadelphia Experience”, The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice. 22, 8 (May): 105–123.
25.
GreeneJ.R. (1989). “Police Officer Job Satisfaction and Community Perceptions: Implications for Community Policing”, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency. 26, 2 (May): 168–183.
26.
HoetmerG. (1989). “Police, Fire and Refuse Collection, 1988”, The Municipal Yearbook 1989. Washington, DC: International City Management Association, pp. 180–234.
27.
KellingG.L.MooreM.H. (1988). “From Political to Reform to Community: The Evolving Strategy of Police”, in GreeneJ.R.MastrofskiS.D. (eds). Community Policing: Rhetoric or Reality. New York: Praeger.
28.
KellingG.L.WassermanR.WilliamsH. (1988). “Police Accountability and Community Policing”.Perspectives on Policing. No. 7, Washington, DCNational Institute of Justice. November.
29.
KilmannR.H.SaxtonM.J.SerpaR. (eds) (1985). Gaining Control of the Corporate Culture. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
30.
ManningP.K. (1977). Police Work: The Social Organization of Policing. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
31.
MastrofskiS.D.GreeneJ.R. (forthcoming). “Community Policing and the Rule of Law”, in UchidaC.WesiburdD. (eds). The Changing Focus of Police Innovation: Problems of Law, Order and Community. New York: Springer Verlag.
32.
MorganG. (1986). Images of Organization. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
33.
MuirW.K.Jr. (1977). Police: Streetcorner Politicians. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
34.
NeiderhofferA. (1967). Behind the Shield. New York: Doubleday.
35.
OstromE.ParksR.WhitakerG. (1978). “Police Agency Size: Some Evidence on its Effects”, Police Studies, 1:34–46.
36.
OstromE.ParksR.WhitakerG. (1978b). Patterns of Metropolitan Policing. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
37.
OttJ. S. (1989). The Organizational Culture Perspective. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.
38.
PetersT.J.WatermanR.H.Jr. (1982). In Search of Excellence. New York: Harper and Row.
39.
Police Task Force Study. (1987). Philadelphia and Its Police. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Police Department.
ReissA.J.Jr. (1971). The Police and the Public. New Haven: Yale University Press.
42.
Reuss IianniE.IianniF.A. J. (1983). “Street Cops and Management Cops: The Two Cultures of Policing”, in PunchM. (ed). Control in the Police Organization. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 251–274.
43.
SimsV. (1988). Small Town and Rural Police. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
44.
SkolnickJ.BayleyD. (1986). The New Blue Line. New York: Free Press.
45.
SlovakJ. (1986). Styles of Urban Policing. New York: New York University Press.
46.
TrojanowiczR.C.MooreM.H. (1988). “Corporate Strategies for Policing”.Perspectives on Policing. No. 6, Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice, November.
47.
Van MannenJ. (1973). “Observations On the Making of Policemen”, Human Organization. 32: 407–418.
48.
Van MannenJ. (1974). “Working the Street: A Developmental View of Police Behavior”, in JacobH. (ed). The Potential for Reform in Criminal Justice. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
49.
Van MannenJ. (1983). “The Boss: First Line Supervision in an American Police Agency”, in PunchM. (ed). Control in the Police Organization. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 227–250.
50.
WassermanR.MooreM. (1988). “Values in Policing”, Perspectives on Policing. No. 8, Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice, November.
