Background: Arab culture and Islamic beliefs contribute to values and practices regarding cancer. Mothers in Jordanian society are expected to be the primary caregivers to children. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore Jordanian mothers’ beliefs regarding the causes of cancer in their children and their impact on their role as mothers. Design: A descriptive, qualitative design was used. Individual interviews were conducted with Jordanian mothers (n = 51) of hospitalized children with cancer. Results: Causes of cancer were attributed to supernatural explanations and biomedical explanations. The impact of cancer on these mothers’ lives varied. For some, their child’s illness resulted in stronger family bonds, whereas for others, the families suffered a state of disequilibrium. Conclusions: Cultural beliefs helped assign meaning to their children‘s illness. The maternal role of Jordanian women was partially fulfilled or inadequately performed, which in turn affected the functioning and coping abilities of the entire household.
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