Genome and RNA editing modalities have revolutionized precision gene therapy, offering a safer alternative to traditional gene replacement approaches. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a compelling model for precision medicine because the disease mechanism is well defined—mutations in a single gene are responsible for both liver and lung pathology. In this review, we summarize the current preclinical and clinical efforts for AATD, with an emphasis on genome and RNA editing strategies.
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